Goal 5 Terms Hosted by Mrs. Chavers

Goal 5 Pendleton Act Law that officially dismantled the spoils system and created a system of examinations to determine the hiring of civil service workers. Passed in 1882 after the assassination of President Garfield by a disgruntled job-seeker.

Goal 5 Boss Tweed Famous political machine that controlled New York City in the late 1800’s. Was exposed by the political cartoons of Thomas Nast.

Goal 5 Social Darwinism Idea that the best businessmen will rise to the top. A belief in the survival of the fittest in business. Was a theory widely supported by the successful.

Goal 5 Philanthropy Practice of giving away large sums of wealth to charitable causes. Practiced by men such as Rockefeller and Carnegie.

Goal 5 Jane Addams Middle class reformer who founded Hull House as a place to help immigrants in their new home.

Goal 5 Patronage or Spoils System System of giving government jobs to friends and supporters. Begun by Andrew Jackson and continued until the reforms of the late 1800’s.

Goal 5 Ethnic Neighborhood Areas where many immigrants with the same background would settle in large urban areas. Gave them a place of security and comfort.

Goal 5 Thomas Edison Famous inventor who perfected the incandescent light bulb and many other products.

Goal 5 Jacob Riis Wrote a book about the living conditions of the poor called “How the Other Half Lives.”

Goal 5 Vertical Integration Method of forming a big business by owning or controlling all businesses that are related to your primary business.

Goal 5 Eugene V. Debs Socialist leader during the early 1900’s. Received nearly 1 million votes for President. Helped to found the industrial union movement in the late 1800’s.

Goal 5 Cornelius Vanderbilt One of the leading RR owners in the nation. Consolidated many smaller railroads into a monopoly on northeastern RR traffic.

Goal 5 Haymarket Square Labor strike where someone threw a bomb into the crowd killing several people. Happened in Chicago in 1886.

Goal 5 AFL Union that only accepts skilled laborers. Led by Samuel Gompers.

Goal 5 Knights of Labor Labor Union led by Terence Powderly that accepted all types of workers.

Goal 5 Tenements Cramped, poorly built apartment buildings inhabited by many immigrants in the large urban cities.

Goal 5 Samuel Gompers Leader of the AFL. Accepted only skilled labor into the union.

Goal 5 Industrial Union Type of union that only accepted members who were from the same industry. Led by Eugene V. Debs. He was a member of the American Railway Union and was arrested in the Pullman Coach Strike.

Goal 5 New Immigration This was a change in the pattern of immigration, as many people from eastern and southern Europe began to immigrate to the US.

Goal 5 Eugene V. Debs Leader of the Industrial Union Movement where all workers of a particular industry belonged to the same union.

Goal 5 Merger Method of forming a big business by having several companies act as one, but in reality they are separate companies.

Goal 5 Trust Method of forming a big business by combining several companies into one.

Goal 5 Merit System System of examinations that gave jobs to the most qualified person for the job. Maintained a competent civil service system. Replaced the old spoils system.

Goal 5 Sherman Anti-trust Act First real attempt by the government to regulate large businesses. Law was passed after the Granger laws regulating Railroads were declared unconstitutional because they tried to regulate interstate commerce.

Goal 5 Alexander Graham Bell Invented the telephone

Goal 5 Andrew Carnegie Leader of the American steel industry. Believed in Social Darwinism as a means of justifying his wealth. Gave away millions of dollars in philanthropy.

Goal 5 Horizontal Integration Method of forming a big business by controlling all of the same type of business.

Goal 5 Settlement House Places where immigrants and the poor could find help in the large urban areas. Early examples were the Hull House founded by Jane Addams in Chicago and the Henry Street House in New York.

Goal 5 Political Machine This is a group that controls the activities of a city by dominating the voting process. Often times greed and corruption where common partners of this type of system.

Goal 5 John D. Rockefeller Owner of Standard Oil Company. One of the richest men in America. Criticized because of his business tactics.