Globalization: Chap 1 Steger, Manfred B. 2003, Globalization: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford University Press: New York.

Globalization Give your definition View video

Globalization Steps to defining it -- Multidimensional set of social processes with following Dimensions: – Economic – Political – Cultural – Environmental

Your Results Dimensions Economic12 5 Political1 0 Cultural3 1 Environmental0 0 Combo's E, C, & P1 1 E & C2 5 Class Definition Descripton State5 0 Action16 13

Ideological aspects (underpinnings) Politically charged narratives (view Chomsky below) – right versus left Assumptions on social reality and structure – remember schools of economic geography Implies positions on rationality of markets versus compassion – again refer to schools

Definition – first iteration What it is not: – valiant conquest of the world by universal Western Culture in the face of undying parochialism reactionary forces of tribalism, localism, and nationalism (Rudyard Kiplings “White Man’s Burden) Various approaches to define it as: – Process – Condition – System – Force – Age – All of these and more

Stager’s Two part definition Parts – Divide into an end state (pattern/effect) and a driving action (process/cause) – Globalization (process) – Globality (pattern or end state)

Globality – an end point or Goal Social Condition – tight interconnections and flows across all 4 dimensions that make current borders irrelevant – Condition -- state of being or situation – 4 Dimensions all addressed (see above) – flows and potential for flows – borders no longer barriers – Note that this is a goal, not current condition » Goal – something always striving for – but never fully reach » Example of a goal – be the best athlete in your sport – always striving after, never fully accomplished, never can rest

Globality cont… – Not necessarily stable end point -- Can be supplanted by future goals – Indeterminate character -- Does not address how it operates » Might be based on laissez-faire market system » Or communal norms

Globalization – A dynamic action or process – Transformation Set of social processes that change nationality into globality – Transformation – dynamic ongoing process » Shifting forms of human contact – Leaving behind nationality – Moving towards globality – Not yet reached it

Globalization cont… – Shifting perception of time and space Historical progression or change Reconfiguration of social space and geography – Local, regional, national no longer describe all & get intertwined – “cat’s cradle” of relationships – Glocalization – interaction of the local with the global

Globalization cont… Raises many interesting questions – How does it occur? – What is the driving force – one cause or many? – Uniform or uneven process? – Continuation of past or radical break? – Does it result in more or less inequality? Occurs under Global Imagery – Viewing things from a new Global Perspective – Growing consciousness of belonging to a global community

Global Imagery Viewing things from a new Global Perspective Growing consciousness of belonging to a global community

Globalization cont… Characteristics of the transformation 1. Creation of new and multiplication of existing social networks – Cuts across existing boundaries – economic, political, cultural, environmental – Creation of new social orders transcend old boundaries – What some have called development of Social Capital networks – Creation of supranational organizations and international NGOs (INGOs)

Globalization cont… 2. Expansion & stretching of social activities, relations, interdependencies – Example 24/7 global market cycle – TNCs’ (Trans National Corporations) agendas independent of nation states “The Exxon-Mobile worldview” or “Monsanto” – Facebook

Globalization cont… 3. Intensification & acceleration of social exchanges & activities – Speed of internet – Local commands global audience – example FL church burning of the Koran – Glocalization in action – McDonalds offers different foods in different countries – Again Facebook

Globalization cont… 4. Global becomes the frame of reference for thought and action – “Think globally, act locally” – Popular culture borrows globally World Beat – Multiple examples Worldbeat is a music genre that primarily refers to a blending of Western pop music and/or rock music with traditional/folk or world music influences. The term is similar by definition to other category labels that refer to a cross pollination of contemporary and roots genres, and which suggest a rhythmic, harmonic or textural contrast between its modern and ethnic elements.music genre

Southernization 1.New and Multiplication – Arab Empire, Mongols and Silk Road 2.Expansion and Stretching – Spread of Islam 3.Intensification & Acceleration – Improved production & transportation 4.Global becomes frame of reference – Gold from West Africa, Spices from Indonesia

Succinct Definition Globalization refers to the (process of) expansion and intensification of social relations (and actions) across world-time and world- space. Globality refers to (the pattern or endpoint of) social conditions with tight global economic, political, cultural and environmental interconnections and flows making current borders irrelevant

What Is Globalization? - Noam Chomsk’s contested view From the left

Counterpoint from an Economist From the center-right

View from the weird From Mickey D