A Natural Resource and Cultural Heritage in India Dr. habil. Zoltán WILHELM University of Pécs Institute of Geography Department of General and Applied Environmental Geography

Objects and Methods An integrated system tourism attraction, natural resource, cultural heritage, social space, sustainable.

Objects and Methods Field studies Field trips Interviews Data analysis Literature review Case studies

Blue = 1997 Green = 2000 Orange = 2003 Red = January - February and July to September 2007 Black dotted = 2009 and 2010

Total number of foreign visitors in selected countries between 1998 and 2008 Source: (last access: October 13, 2008) and (last access: May 16, 2011)

Selected tourism related statistical data of India and other selected countries (2008) 1 Without French Guyana, Guadeloupe, Martinique and Reunion. Source: CIA World Factbook ( ) Compendium of Tourism Statistics ( )

Percentage of international visitors according to their countries of origin in 2004 Source: Khullar, D. R. 2006: India – A Comprehensive Geography. Kalyani, New Delhi, p. 860.

The tourism in India India has less than 0.5 percent of the total number of visitors worldwide. There are 28 sites in India that is listed in UNESCO’s World Heritage list; 15 more sites are expected to join this list in the very near future The extremely high economical development of the country also generated a significant business and conference tourism. The Indian version of health tourism has also dramatically increased over the recent years. For instance a bypass surgery costs a mere £500 in India, while patients pay ten times more for the same surgery in the UK. While hip replacement costs £6600 in the UK, the same surgery is completed for only £860 in India.

The tourism in India Today, about 20.5 million people are employed in tourism and tourism associated industry in India; this number equals 5.6 per cent of all employees nationwide. By 2015, an estimated 25 million directly and 40 million indirectly employed people will work in tourism. Each 1 million rupees invested in the tourism creates 89 new employment opportunities; this number totals only 44.7 in the agriculture and only 12.6 in general industry.

Temporal trends of economic growth in India (%) Source: Panagariya, A. (2008): India – The Emerging Giant. Oxford University Press, New York, p. 5.

Functional location of natural resources in the socio-economic (geographical) space Edited by Wilhelm, Z.

Seasonal Rainfall in India – January- February (mm)

Seasonal Rainfall in India – March-May (mm)

Seasonal Rainfall in India – June- September (mm)

Seasonal Rainfall in India – October- December (mm)

Walter-Lieth climate diagram of Jaipur (seat of Rajasthan)

Output on irrigated and unirrigated farmland in India (Source: Briscoe, J. – Malik, R. P. S. 2006)

Average number of days of employment for adult casual laborers each month (Source: Chambers, R. 1988)

Administrative map of India

Stepwells (vav/vavdi/baoli/bavadi) Pre-Solanki period (8th to 11th century A.D.); Solanki period (11th to 12th century); Vaghela period (mid-13th to end-14th century); and the Sultanate period (mid-13th to end-15th century); were built by noblemen; non-religious edifices; Examples: Rani-ki vav, Adalaj vav, Dada Hari vav and baolis at Mandu

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