Proposal for Waste Diversion from Landfill- Presentation to MPPP Council, 29 July 2011 Dr. Lim Mah Hui Visiting Senior Fellow at SERI, Penang 1

Environmental Degradation 2

Three Costs of Private Transport

Solid Waste in Penang Island Estimate is 1.1 kg of solid waste per person generated in Penang tons per day dumped into landfill in Penang Island or 265,000 tons per year Household waste about 70% of total waste Organic waste about 45% of total waste i.e.

MPPP- Solid Waste Disposed

Expenditure for SWM-2009 Real Expenditure including salaries was RM 87 million or 38% of budget; of which Waste collection – RM 20.4m Transfer costs - 7.6m Tipping Fees - 5.0m Total32.0m (15%)

Other costs of Solid Waste Disposal Environmental pollution - release of Methane, CO2, leaching > global warming Unhygienic and spread of disease – smell, roaches, rats Destruction of environment – running out of landfill

Increasing costs of Solid Waste Disposal

Solid Waste Composition

Waste Hierarchy Options 10

Concept & Benefits of Waste Diversion from Landfill Divert Solid Waste from SOURCE thru Segregation > reuse, recycle, regenerate Reduce cost of waste collection and disposal 11

Communities with High Waste Diversion Level 12

Richness from Waste Instead of throwing away organic waste – compost or turn it into fertilizer Complete the natural process of turning waste food into food Earn income from fertilizer Organic fertilizer – food is chemical free Soil and Environment is richer Life is richer 13

Methods- Compost, Bio- regen FOOD FROM FOOD COMPLETE CYCLE Fertilizers

Bio-Regen Machine 15

Bio-Regen Machine Used in PSDC 16

How Does Bio-Regen Machine Work Feed organic food waste into machine Water and Bokashi (enzyme) are added Grinder process and liquidize the food Liquid pumped into container Stored in container for 1 month - waste turns into liquid fertilizer (1,000 litre) thru organic process that reduces CO2 17

Estimated Cost of Waste Disposal to Pulau Burong per ton (excld salaries) Estimate current cost - RM 150 per ton Long-term average costs estimated at RM 250 per ton (UNDP Report, 2008) Estimated cost of running bio regen machine about RM 130 per ton Other cost savings – use/sale of fertilizer, health, environmental costs 18

Proposal – pilot project Purchase a bio-regen machine – cost RM 18,800 Install in MPPP food court Assume each machine processes 500 kg per day – divert half ton from landfill

Proposal MPPP can use fertilizer for landscaping Encourage hotels, wet markets, hospitals, schools, factories etc to divert waste from landfill Offer incentives, rebates to institutions that do that. 20

Demonstration - July 30, 31 – New World Park – 11 am Saturday and Sunday (11 am onwards) Sunday 3 pm -presentation of a bio regen machine to YB Phee Boon Poh for Penang State Government from Rotary Club of Georgetown Talks by environment experts from Australia after ceremony 21

Hope other ahli majlis can sponsor machines for their areas THANK YOU 22