COMMUNICATION

exchanging thoughts, ideas, opinions Why do people communicate? - to understand and be understood by others What is communication? exchanging thoughts, ideas, opinions

Communication We distinguish between these forms of communication: VERBAL - NON-VERBAL FORMAL – INFORMAL WRITTEN – ORAL DIRECT(face to face) – NON-DIRECT communication

Verbal communication We use our language (system of words) to communicate our thoughts and feelings. In v.c. we use also stress, tone and modulation of the voice to expess different meanings

Kinds of verbal communication There are two kinds of verbal communication: Formal (employer/employee, student /teacher) Informal – chatting or gossipping (friends, relatives, children and parents)

Non-verbal communication Non-verbal communication means using : Mimicks Postures Gestures Facial expressions

NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION is also called a body language our bodies constantly talk we smile, frawn, cry, shout, laugh or move our hands when we are .... Also deaf people use a kind of body language – a sign language to make themselves understood (a movement of hands)

Other kinds of communication DIRECT / INDIRECT Many of us prefer talking to others face to face. It allows the speaker to ask questions or answer them – directly Indirect com. is through messages or using pictures WRITTEN / ORAL Written communication includes: Letters Text messages Emails It can also be formal and informal

Ancient forms of communication In ancient times people´s communication was very simple. American Indians used smoke signals for communiction African tribes used sounds of drums Later pigeons were used to carry messages In 19th century the telegraph was invented which is connected with using of MORSE CODE

Modern ways of communication Historically, letters were the only reliable means of communication until the 19th century Besides the invention of telegraph also telephone (19th century) made communication easier Today, the Internet and mobile phones have become the dominant media in communication

Modern ways of communication – pros and cons Communication is faster and cheaper – e-mail, skype, ICQ Cons It is ruining real communication Addiction Influence on our handwriting – lots of mistakes

Colours and symbols wi A dove peace love, passion purity, innocence An owl wisdom sadness, grief A lion – strength, courage, bravery

Communication and society We learn the basics of communication, how to communicate with other people and our behaviour is formed by: Parents in the family Teachers at school by massmedia – TV, famous people

Family is the basic unit where children are taught to behave themselves. children learn basic morals from their childhood they observe their parent´s behaviour and copy it Parents should: communicate with children, listen to them praise childen for their achievements shouldn´t use bad words – swear shouldn´t use a corporal punishment

At school children are taught by their teachers. They have lessons of ethics and RE (religious education) where their values are formed. Schools rules: pupils must arrive at school punctually – mustn´t be late don´t have to wear uniforms but must be dressed neatly mustn´t use mobile phones at lessons, copy from classmates, cheat at lessons (use cheat sheets), must pay attention at the lesson, apologise to the class teacher for being absent mustn´t bully classmates punctually= on time

Influence of TV on young people Media strongly affects youth culture. Young people spend lots of free time in front of TV and computer which can influence them negatively. Negative impact: lots of violence they are becoming couch potatoes, fat and overweight they see many negative examples – drug, alcohol abuse, eccentric behaviour Positive impact: They get new information and widen their horizons

To behave politely we should keep rules of ethiquette in the society Ethiquette - is the rules of correct and polite behaviour in society. (rules about how to behave on special occasions) Etiquette concerns the rules of: 1. greetings 2. dining at particular occasions 3. everyday manners 4. visiting cinemas and theatres Greetings : men greet women first children greet adults first younger people greet older people first

Dining at particular occasions – Table manners It depends on the country – in Europe you keep the knife in your right hand and eat with your fork in your left hand In America – after cutting meat with a knife in the right hand you can swith the fork from the left to the right hand and eat just with it when invited to a party or event, especially at someone's home, an appropriate gift could be a bottle of wine, flowers, or a small item for the home, such as a candle. during eating don´t talk with your mouth full use a napkin to wipe out your mouth don´t put your elbows on the table. when you finish eating, place your knife and fork together in the centre of the plate

Everyday (polite) manners You must say „please“ and „thank you“ You should greet persons when they come over to your house You shouldn´t interrupt other people when they are speaking You should always clean up after yourself You should respect others and help them You shouldn´t call sb a name because it hurts Never say any rude comments, be polite

Going to the theatre You should arrive earlier, don´t be late don´t speak, talk, whisper during the performance don´t use cameras, mobile phones Put on smart clothes Don´t eat/drink during the performance Don´t use a rest room during the perfomance Cinema You can eat or drink – pop corn, coke You can put on casual clothes