Precarious Work in Asia Descriptive Statistics Joe Bongiovi Seoul, Korea July , 2011

Regional Political Context ChinaWWII/ Civil WarMaoPost Mao Communism IndiaWWII/ IndependenceParliamentary Democracy IndonesiaWWII/ IndependenceSuhartoDemocratic Opening JapanWWII/ RebuildingLiberal Democratic Regime KoreaWWII/ Korean WarMilitary DictatorshipDemocratic Opening PhilippinesWWII/ IndependenceMarcos DictatorshipDemocratic Opening Sri LankaWWII/ IndependenceEthnic ConflictCivil WarPost War Consolidation TaiwanWWII/ Civil WarKMT DictatorshipDemocratic Opening ThailandWWII/ OccupationConstitutional MonarchyMilitary Backed Government VietnamWWII/ Civil WarVietnam WarUnification under Communist Government 1940’s1950’s1960’s1970’s1980s1990s2000’s

Key Context Takeaways Every country was directly affected by WWII Each country went through a period of political transition, either independence, civil war or regime change Most of the post conflict period was under authoritarian regimes With most transitioning to elected, or at least liberalizing governments from the 1980s

(Country) Employment Statistics Total Pop %Labor Force % Agriculture % Industry % Services % Unemployed % Part Time % Vulnerable % Wage/ Salary % Employers

(Country) Employment Sector & Status Own AccountEmployer Contributing Family Employees Coop Members Worker Members Informal | Formal Informal | Formal Informal | Formal Informal | Formal Informal | Formal Formal SectorO O XX OO Enterprises Informal Sector XX XX O X Enterprises Households XX O

(Country) Representation Statistics U Density Contract % # DisputesMOVE TO CONTEXT # involved # Days

Economic Security Indices Labour market security, which includes adequate employment opportunities through full employment policies; Employment security, which is protection against arbitrary dismissal and regulations on hiring and firing; Job security, which includes occupation and career progression; Work security, often referred to as occupational health and safety; Skill reproduction, or the opportunity to gain an retain skills through apprenticeship, training and education; Income security, or protection of income both while working and when not able to work; and Representation security, demonstrated by protected collective voice and voluntary association, both economically and politically.

Country Economic Security Indices Labor Market Employment Job Work (OHS) Skill Income Representation China India Indonesia Japan Korea Philippines Sri Lanka Taiwan Thailand Vietnam.426

Economic Security Index Takeaways Japan and Korea tend to be grouped with higher performing countries globally, but With the exception of the Labor Market Security Indicator, the other Asian countries tend to score low in absolute terms, and relative to other countries