THE ENVIRONMENT Pilar González Paula Moralo Jorge Salguero Ángela Suárez Claudia Vinuesa

INDEX Environmental problems: Air pollution Water problems Deforestation Desertification Loss of biodiversity Acoustic pollution Light pollution Solutions

ENVIROMENTAL PROBLEMS

AIR POLLUTION: -Carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, is the main pollutant that is warming Earth. It’s associated with cars, planes, power plants, and other human. One possible solution for this problem can be to reduce pollution and carbon emissions. -Smog is a photochemical that creates a dark, heavy mist and it’s formed due to the reaction of some light with ozone and nitrogen oxides at ground level. One of the possible solutions for smog, are to transfer factories outside of the city to avoid the accumulation of smock in the atmosphere of the city. -The ozone layer is essential to life because it reduces the intensity of ultraviolet rays. Some holes are appearing because of the chlorofluorocarbons. One solution is to stop making CFCs and several other chemicals. -Acid rain  is a rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic . One solution is to conserve energy or drive cars less.  

WATER PROBLEMS -Water pollution occurs when pollutants are discharged directly or indirectly into water bodies. Some solutions for this problem are to buy more environmentally safe cleaning liquids for the use at home and other public places or to Take great care not to overuse pesticides and fertilizers. -Water scarcity already affects every continent. Around 1.2 billion people, or almost one-fifth of the world's population, live in areas of physical scarcity. The only possible solution is to consume less and save more water.

DEFORESTATION Deforestation refers to irresponsible cutting down of trees in forested areas. Trees are vitally important to the environment and the climate of the Earth. They are one of the largest producers of oxygen and habitats and shelters to millions of species. They act as filters of carbon dioxide. Some of the reasons why forests are disappearing are overgrazing, forests fires, mining, agricultural activities, urbanization and illegal logging. The main consequences of deforestation are the soil erosion, loss of biodiversity, disruption of the water cycle, flooding and drought and the climate changes. One solution to deforestation is to curb the felling of trees, by employing a series of rules and laws to govern it. 

DESERTIFICATION Desertification is a process of ecological degradation that happen in the fertile and productive soil and lose all or part of power production. Desertification occurs mainly in semi-arid areas and bordering on deserts as a result of human action. Causes: Overgrazing is the major cause of desertification worldwide Cultivation of marginal land: lands on which there is a high risk of crop failure and a very low economic return Destruction of vegetation in arid regions.

Loss Of Biodiversity A major report, the Millenium Ecosystem Assesment, released in March 2005 highlighted a substantial and largely Irreversible loss in the biodiversity of the earth, with some 10-30% of the mammal, bird and amphibian species threatened with extinction, due to human actions

Important Data

What Can We Do? Find Alternative Areas to plant our crops: Instead of harvesting the rainforest, We should find any other area with no “Biodiversity Hotspot” 2. Identificate the “Biodiversity Hotspots” And Protect them. What can Governments do? 1.Collaborate with Scientists to prevent Multinationals from abusing the Earth’s resources 2. Use their founds to help prevent the loss of biodiversity

Noise Pollution Noise pollution is displeasing or excessive Noise that may disrupt the activity or balance of human or animal life. The word noise is similar to the Latin word nauseas, which means disgust or discomfort.

Important Data This Tunnel, in Melbourne, Australia, is designed to Reduce Noise Pollution without harming Aesthetics.

What can We do to reduce Noise Pollution? 1. Do not use car horns unnecessarily. 2. Motors, machines and vehicles also produce loud noises when not maintained properly. Proper maintenance should be carried out for better performance. 3. Avoid loud music, which hurts your ears and others' ears. 4. Walk or cycle to school

LIGHT POLLUTION Light pollution, also known as photopollution or luminous pollution, is the brightness or glow of light in the night sky caused by the reflection and scattering of artificial light in gases and particles from the air by the use of inadequate lighting or excess lighting. Some solutions are: Lower the wattage of all outdoor lighting.  Use only the light you need to get the job done. Use timers, dimmers, and sensors. Shut off the lights when you can.  Keep the light on the ground and the skies natural.    Use light emitting diodes (LED) technology.

Thanks for your atention and if you have any question, please ask us.