P E R P A M S I Persatuan Perusahaan Air Minum Seluruh Indonesia Association of Indonesian Water Supply Enterprises IWA World Water Congress and Exhibition September 2006, Beijing Dr. Werner BRENNER, Advisor to PERPAMSI INDONESIAN LESSONS LEARNED FROM THE 2004 TSUNAMI DISASTER IN ACEH FOR WATER SECURITY AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT

Extensive toll on lives  More than dead or missing  Around displaced Local administration collapsed  Resumed within 1 month after the Tsunami Lack of logistics / supplies, manpower, financial resources from Central Government  Emergency stocks were not sufficient to deal with the scale of disaster SNAPSHOT ON TSUNAMI RESPONSE

Lack of transportation infrastructures: Bottle- neck in the city of Medan / North Sumatra  Limited capacity of the airport to accommodate busy traffic (Banda Aceh, Medan, Lhokseumawe)  Limited capacity of harbors in Aceh Province (Malahayati Harbor & Lhokseumawe Harbor)  Access to West Coast only by air and sea transportation with a limited capacity SNAPSHOT ON TSUNAMI RESPONSE

Lack of communication infrastructures  No regular facilities of communication (cable/mobile phone) was available  Limited communication facility via satellite Insurgency (GAM) –Main problem during emergency operation (mobilization of supplies, expertise, equipment; construction of infrastructures)

SNAPSHOT ON TSUNAMI RESPONSE Abundance of support from all over the world arrived  Donations, Humanitarian Assistance, Technical Assistance,…..  Coordination !! Extensive damages on infrastructure, social sector, productive sector and cross sector  Banda Aceh: 60-80%  East Coast: 40-60%  West Coast: %

Summary Table of Damages and Losses (US$ million) Sectors in Aceh Province Property Private Public Total Infrastructure: % Transport % Communications % Energy % Flood Control, Irrigation, Sea Protection % Water & Sanitation % Social Sectors: Housing, Education, Health, Culture & Religion 1, , % Productive Sectors: Agriculture, Fisheries, Enterprises 1, , % Cross Sectors: Environment, Administration, Banking & Finance % Total Impact 3, , %

DAMAGES AND LOSSES IN INFRA- STRUCTURE IN ACEH PROVINCE

PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY SERVICES IN ACEH PROVINCE

PERPAMSI EMERGENCY RESPONSE & LESSONS LEARNED Forming of a “Task Force” in PERPAMSI to provide immediate assistance shortly after the tsunami for emergency relief –Fact finding mission went to Aceh –Coordination of activities on 3 levels: In Jakarta: (PERPAMSI office) linking up with the donor community, suppliers, organize transports for donated goods, organize staff support to utilities in Aceh, …. In Medan / Province North Sumatra: mostly logistical support for the overland transport of goods to Aceh, staff support from utilities Distribution of goods to the utilities in Aceh Province

PERPAMSI EMERGENCY RESPONSE & LESSONS LEARNED Emergency relief support to affected water utilities in Aceh Province (1) –Installation of mobile water treatment plants –Provision of chemicals for water treatment –Staff support from outside Aceh to operate emergency installations –Water tanker services to camps –Repair of utility water treatment installations

PERPAMSI EMERGENCY RESPONSE & LESSONS LEARNED Emergency relief support to affected water utilities in Aceh Province (2) –Salary payments to utility staff –Financial support for O&M of installations –Employment of new staff supported by donors –Provision of equipment to utilities (pick-up trucks) –Training and capacity building for new utility staff –Constructing of deep wells for refugee camps

PERPAMSI EMERGENCY RESPONSE & LESSONS LEARNED National Level –With all water utilities –With governmental institutions –Private companies operating in the water sector International Level –Water utility associations –Donor community –NGOs PARTNERSHIPS

LESSONS LEARNED FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF INDONESIA Organizational Set-up on National Level  The existing national body for disaster was not effective to respond to the excessive impact  Executing Agencies: The technical departments of the Ministries of Public Works, Ministry of Health, Ministry of Communication and the Military)  Requirement of a disaster act Coordination  Very important in pooling and distributing responsibilities and available resources (funds, equipment, manpower, supplies)  Requirement: A clear and strong command line CAPACITY RESPONSE

INDONESIAN TSUNAMI AND EARTH QUAKE HISTORY Source: Latief H., N. T. Puspito, F. Imamura, (2000) Destructive Tsunamis between 1992 and 2004 Location / ProvinceYearFatalities (Human) Flores / NTT East Java Irian Jaya Toli-Toli / Sulawesi19966 Taliabu / Sulawesi Banggai / Sulawesi20004 Aceh

INDONESIAN TSUNAMI AND EARTH QUAKE HISTORY Source: Latief H., N. T. Puspito, F. Imamura, (2000) Number of Tsunamis and their Sources in Indonesia between 1600 and 2000 Tsunami SourceNumberPercentage Tsunamigenic Earthquake9690,5 % Tsunamigenic Volcanos98,6% Tsunamigenic Landslide11,1% Total106100%