School:Name: Class:Date: 8 th Grade Final Exam Part 1: Scientific Method Directions: Write the letter of the correct definition next to each vocabulary word. 1.____ hypothesisA. a tool used to measure mass 2.____ procedureB. set of steps a scientist follows in an investigation 3.____ observationsC. equipment used to magnify and observe small things 4.____ inferencesD. unit of volume 5.____ dataE. what you see, feel, hear, touch, smell, or taste 6.____ conclusionsF. a chart used to organize data you collect 7.____ microscopeG. equipment used to measure volumes 8.____ triple beam balanceH. an educated guess; a prediction 9.____ rulerI. any information collected during an investigation 10.____ graduated cylinderJ. Graph good for organizing data by category 11.____ litersK. results; discussion of findings and explanation 12.____ kilogramsL. equipment used to see far-off celestial (space) bodies 13.____ metersM. a decision based on observations and reasoning 14.____ telescopeN. tool used to make linear (length, width) measurements 15.____ variableO. unit of mass 16.____ controlP. a graph good for showing proportions or percentages 17.____ lie graphR. what the scientist changes in an investigation 18.____ bar graphS. unit of length 19.____ pie chart/circle graphT. the condition that is not changed and is compared 20.____ data table with the variable U. a tool used to measure density V. Graph good for showing the relationship between variables such as distance traveled over time

Read each question and answer in the space provided. 21. What is the mass shown here on the triple beam balance. Don’t forget to write the unit that mass is measured in. 22. Measure the volume of water before and after an object is added to a graduated cylinder. Use these measurements to determine the volume of the object. a. Volume before: ____________ b. Volume after: ____________ c. Volume of object: ____________ 23. Use the data table below to make a line graph. Make sure to give your graph a title, labels for the axes, and units DayHeight of Plant (cm)

For questions 24-26, use the graph below to answer the questions. 24. How far did the car go in 2 hours? 25. How far would the graph go if it traveled 6 hours? 26. Make a data table for this graph. Include a label for each column and the appropriate units for data.

Ms. March heard that a new toothpaste makes your teeth whiter. She wants to know if that is true, so she buys the new toothpaste to try it. Help Ms. March design an experiment to find out if the toothpaste is as amazing as the television commercial suggests. Ms. March’s question: What is the affect of the new toothpaste on the color of teeth? Ms. March’s hypothesis: I think that the new toothpaste will make teeth whiter than the old toothpaste does. Design a procedure that Ms. March can follow to test the toothpaste. 27. Procedure: ___________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 28. What is the control?________________________________________________________ 29. What is the variable? _______________________________________________________ 30. What data needs to be collected to answer the question? _________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 31. Imagine that another scientist performed an experiment to test the very same question. She tested each toothpaste on 100 people and found no difference between the color of their teeth. How might this observation change Ms. March’s hypothesis?

School:Name: Class:Date: Part 2: Matter Directions: Please write the letter of the correct definition next to each vocabulary word. Directions: Please read each question and then circle the correct answer. 1._____ massA. shininess 2._____volumeB. a measure of how “squished together” matter is; the 3._____density amount of mass in a given volume 4._____ductilityC. the shape of an object 5._____hardness D. how much space matter takes up 6._____luster E. how easy it is to scratch a substance 7._____state or phase of matter F. how much matter is in an object 8._____malleabilityG. the color of the powder left by a mineral 9._____ streakH. liquid, solid, or gas 10._____ freezing pointI. ability to hammer into a thin sheet 11._____ solubilityJ. ability to let an electrical current pass through 12._____ electrical conductivityK. ability to stretch into a long wire 13._____ boiling pointL. The temperature at which a liquid turns into a solid M. The temperature at which a liquid turns into a gas N. how easily a substance dissolves into another substance 14. Solubility is affected by all of the following except: a.Size of particleb. temperature c.Color of particlesd. pressure 15. The motion of particles inside a substance is responsible for all of the following except: a.Which phase/state of matter the substance is b.Phases changes c.The luster of the substance 16. Gases have: a.neither a definite shape nor volume b.a definite shape, but not volume c.a definite volume, but not shape d.a definite volume and shape 17.Liquids have: a.neither a definite shape nor volume b.a definite shape, but not volume c.a definite volume, but not shape d.a definite volume and shape

18. Solids have: a.neither a definite shape nor volume b.a definite shape, but not volume c.a definite volume, but not shape d.a definite volume and shape 19. Characteristic properties can be used to: a.Separate mixtures into their components b.Calculate the mass of a substance c.Identify different materials 20. A comparison of two objects densities can determine the _____________ of an object. a.Massb. volume c.Shaped. buoyancy 21. Physical combinations of materials that can be separated by physical means are called: a.Mixturesb. compounds c.Atomsd. molecules 22. Substances are grouped into categories such as metals, nonmetals, and noble gases based on: a.Their lusterb. Their hardness c.How they reactd. Their densities 23. The Law of Conservation of Mass states: a.Matter is lost every time it reacts b.Matter is created every time it reacts c.Matter can neither be created or destroyed 24. All matter is made up microscopic particles called: a.Droplets b.Mixtures c.Waves d.Atoms 25. As the temperature of a substance increases a.The speed of the particles in the substance increases b.The speed of the particles in the substance decreases c.The speed of the particles in the substance stays the same 26. Two or more atoms that have combined are called: a.Mixtures b.Molecules c.Mass d.Substances 27. Chemical reactions occur when: a.Atoms give, take, or share electrons b.Atoms give, take, or share protons c.Atoms give, take, or share neutrons 28. Atoms of one element are: a.Like atoms in every other element b.Like atoms in elements in the same family c.Different from atoms in every other element

29. How many elements do we know to exist? a.Less than ten b.More than a hundred c.More than a thousand d.Millions 30.Compounds made up of different elements make up: a.Living things b.Non-living things c.Both living and non-living things 31. Most elements on Earth are found in: a.Their pure form b.Combined with different elements as compounds c.Combined with different elements as mixtures 34. During a chemical reaction, all of the following may be transferred except: a.Heat b.Light c.Electricity d.Protons 32.The periodic table can be used for all of the following except: a.Organizing elements b.Predicting properties of elements c.Classifying elements by their reactivity d.Calculating the density of elements 33. As the temperature of water increases, the amount of sugar that can dissolve in it: a.Increases b.Decreases c.Stays the same Directions: Label each change with either a “P” for physical or “C” for chemical 35._____ An egg fries in a hot pan 36._____A piece of paper is torn in half 37._____cupcakes bake in an oven 38._____Vinegar and Baking soda react and form carbon dioxide 39._____Icecream melts 40._____a nail Rusts

Part 3: Energy Directions: Read each question and then circle the correct answer. 1. What is the source of most of Earth’s energy? a. the moonb. the sunc. wind and waterd. fossil fuels 2. Most electricity produced in the United States is made using: a. geothermalb. windc. moving waterd. fossil fuels 3. Which energy resource is nonrenewable? a. natural gasb. biomassc. moving waterd. wind 4. Every transformation of energy produces which of the following? a. lightb. heatc. soundd. motion 5. Heat always flows: a. in an unpredictable wayb. from higher areas to lower areas c. from the sun through spaced. from warmer areas to cooler ones 6. Which device is designed to produce mechanical energy? a. fanb. batteryc. lampd. oven 7. Who has the most kinetic energy? a. a child slowly walking towards a slide b. a child waiting in line to go down the slide c. a child sliding down the slide quickly d. a child slowly climbing the ladder 8. Which ball has the least potential energy? a. a ball held 1 meter above the ground b. a ball held 2 meters above the ground c. a ball held 10 meters above the ground d. a ball held 100 meters above the ground 9. If you burn yourself touching a hot pot, you were burned by heat transferred by: a. conductionb. convectionc. absorptiond. refraction 10. Which of the following is an exception in that it expands as it cools? a. tar in a pothole b. cake on a rackc. water on a roadd. metal in a freezer 11. Electrical energy is transferred through wires that make up a path called a: a. batteryb. switchc. currentd. circuit 12. What device is designed to transform electrical energy into light energy? a. a televisionb. a can openerc. a radiod. a doorbell

Part 4: Light, Sound, and Waves 1. Which of these shows the electromagnetic spectrum from the longest to the shortest wavelengths? a. radio waves, visible light, gamma rays b. gamma rays, X rays, ultraviolet light c. visible light, microwaves, radio waves d. X rays, radio waves, microwaves 2. What happens to light whenever it is refracted? a. it changes color b. it passes through water c. it is bent d. it becomes heat 3. A source of sound energy must be: a. bright b. hot c. magnetic d. Vibrating 4. Which of the following suggest that light is a form of kinetic energy? a. light is a form of Energy b. light can have different colors c. light can travel through space and some materials d. light can be transformed into heat energy 5. How are heat, light, and sound alike? a. each moves as a wave b. each is electromagnetic c. each is a form of energy d. each moves at the same speed 6. A loud stereo causes small objects on a shelf to move around. What kind of energy change is occurring? a. potential to kinetic b. sound to mechanical c. kinetic to potential d. sound to heat

Part 5: Motion and Forces 1. John is driving on Main Street. He is driving away from the post office and toward the bank. John is in a state of rest with respect to which object? a.the bankb. the post officec. the card. the street 2. Recording the position of a rock, along with its direction and speed of travel, would allow you to predict its: a.colorb. massc. densityd. destination 3. A car is sitting still. What would cause the cart to start to move? a.inertiab. forcec. motiond. mass 4. Which of the following requires the strongest force to accelerate? a.cannonballb. soccer ballc. beach balld. football 5. Juan steps onto a bathroom scale, exerting a push of 150 pounds. What force does the scale exert onto Juan? a. an upward force of 150 poundsb. a downward force of 150 pounds c. an upward force of 300 poundsd. a downward force of 300 pounds 6. Between which two objects is gravity the weakest? a. a butterfly and a leafb. an orange and an apple c. a building and Earthd. Earth and the Moon 7. An electric current produces: a.a magnetic currentb. a magnetic fieldc. an electric fieldd. a pole 8. What type of energy does a simple machine transfer? a.potentialb. electricalc. mechanicald. chemical 9. A force that opposes motion is: a.magneticb. frictionc. gravityd. buoyancy 10. What substance is added to an engine to reduce friction? a.iceb. oilc. rubberd. gasoline 11. How does a pulley affect an applied force? a. it changes the speedb. it changes the strength c. it changes the amount of total workd. it changes the direction 12. A professional mover uses a cart to move boxes instead of dragging them on the ground. Which type of simple machine is being used to reduce friction and make the job easier? a.pulleyb. wheel and axelc. leverd. inclined plane 13. Which of the following is a complex machine? a. a can openerb. a screwc. a shoe hornd. a doorknob