Unit 2- Structure & Transformation of Matter 1.)I will define homogeneous mixtures , heterogeneous mixtures, physical changes, and chemical changes. 2.)I will identify homogeneous mixtures, heterogeneous mixtures, physical changes, and chemical changes. 3.)I will contrast homogeneous , mixtures heterogeneous mixtures, physical changes, and chemical changes.

1 Mixture(VOC. WORD) No new substance is made. A+B=AB (2 or more substances are put together without combining chemically/ can be separated out and put back together again. )(DEF.) (Ex.) pepper + water = pepper water (A) + (B) = (AB)

2 Solute(voc. Word) (Solid part of mixture that can be soluble -dissolve/ seem to have disappeared into mixture or insoluble -be on top, bottom, or top & bottom of mixture. )(def.) (Ex.) pepper + water = pepper water (A) + (B) = (AB) (solute)

3 Solvent(voc. Word) (Liquid part of mixture. Can have more than 1. Breaks apart solute, stays below solute, or is above solute. Universal solvent = water is the most commonly used all over the world.)(def) (Ex.) pepper + water = pepper water (A) + (B) = (AB) (solute) (solvent)

3A Solute name Solvent name Mixture name Salt water salt water Flour water flour 3A

Homogenous Mixture(voc. Word) 4 Homogenous Mixture(voc. Word) (One type of mixture . Call it Solution. Solute dissolves+ spreads out all throughout the mixture.)(def.) Cup of salt and water. Water Grains of salt

Heterogeneous Mixture(voc. Word) 5 Heterogeneous Mixture(voc. Word) (Second type of mixture= heterogeneous . Is called a suspension.)(def.) Heterogeneous mixture= solute is: 1. Top 2. Bottom 3. Top & bottom Cup of pepper

Physical/ Chemical Properties 7 Physical/ Chemical Properties Words used to describe how something looks, weighs, etc. Description/ characteristics of an object: mass, density, shape, and color.

8 Physical Property Observed or measured without changing the identity of the object/ matter. Observed/ look (P.P.) Color Shape Measured (P.P.) Mass (11.5g) Melting point (78⁰C Length (12 in) Weight (11.5 g) Boiling point (300⁰C) Size (38-40 XL)

9 Chemical Property Observed or measured as the object/matter changes in its identity. Measured (C.P.) Mass (11.5g) Melting point (78⁰C Length (12 in) Weight (11.5 g) Boiling point (300⁰C) Size (38-40 XL) Look/observed (C.P.) Color Shape

10 Physical Change Mixtures (A+B=AB (No new substance formed) No bubbles No smoke No sound No heat No light Can be separated!

11 Matter Has weight and takes up space Solid Liquid Plasma Gas (4 States of Matter)

12 Mass Amount of atoms in matter. “more atoms” (mother of family) “45” A “6” A More mass More mass

13 Atoms Smallest (nonliving) piece of matter. (sister of family) Cheerio Cracker Cracker Crumb “45” Atoms “6” Atoms

Less space between atoms More space between atoms 14 Volume Amount of space an object takes up. (Father of the family) More volume Less volume Liquid Solid Less space between atoms More space between atoms

15 Weight Strength of pull of gravity on object. (Brother of family) Cracker crumb Dead Tree 1 Gram 1,052 Grams

16 Density How tightly packed atoms are in an object. (Step-sister) Wooden Block Concrete Block Not as dense Very dense Same size “not tight” atoms “tight” atoms

Law of Conservation of & Mass 17 Law of Conservation of & Mass Same amount of mass before change and after change. (Physical and chemical change) Before After (38 g) (38 g) Water Grains of salt Salt + Water

18 Chemical Change Change into a new substance/ compound. A+B=C Signs/ Physical Property or Chemical property Bubbles Smoke Light Sound Heat Color change

Baking Soda + Vinegar= C02 19 Chemical Reaction When new substance/ compound is forming. Baking Soda + Vinegar= C02

20 Boiling Point Temperature at which a liquid matter becomes a gas matter. Water at a liquid at room temperature. (0°C / 33°F or higher Water vapor/ steam. Water as a gas. (100°C/ 212°F

21 Melting Point Temperature at which a solid matter becomes a liquid matter. Ice is water as a solid (0°C/ 32°F Water puddle is water a liquid (1°C or higher/ 33°F or higher

22 Element Substance whose matter is made up of only one kind of atom. (Periodic Table) Hydrogen- H Oxygen- O Helium- He Lead- Pb Carbon- C Sulfur- S

23 Compound Substance whose smallest unit is made up of atoms of 1 or more elements chemically bonded together. Examples: C02 (1 atom of Carbon & 2 atoms of 0xygen) Carbon Dioxide H202 (2 atoms of Hydrogen & 2 atoms of Oxygen) Hydrogen peroxide.

24 Molecule Contains atoms of the same element. Must have a number of 2 or more written beside the element’s symbol. These are used to make compounds. Examples: O2 (2 atoms of oxygen) NO2 (2 atoms of oxygen & 1 atom of nitrogen)