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Make an objective statement. What makes it objective?

An objective statement is a statement of fact.

Explain the difference between a qualitative and a quantitative observation. Make one of each…please

Qualitative = descriptive Quantitative = numerical

What is science?

A method of learning about the natural world, as well as to the knowledge gained through that process.

What is a hypothesis?

Hypothesis A Hypothesis is a prediction or possible explanation for observations relating to a scientific question.

What is a theory?

A theory is: - an explanation for observations or events. - It is based upon strongly and consistently supported hypotheses. -It is critical to understand that a theory has been verified consistently over a significant period of time by detached groups of researchers (this means it is WELL- TESTED).

-Explain what a manipulated variable is and give an example. -What is another name for a manipulated variable?

The manipulated variable is also called the independent variable. It is the variable that the scientist changes. Example: the color of the light used in our on-line lab.

-Explain what a responding variable is and give an example. -What is another name for a responding variable?

The responding variable changes due to the manipulated variable, and this is what the scientist measures. Example: the height of the grass in our Chia lab.

If you performed an experiment measuring the wet strength of several brands of paper towels, what could two controlled variables be?

The liquid used The shape of the actual weights placed on the towels How the weights are placed

When doing a controlled experiment, why don’t we change more than one manipulated variable at a time?

You wouldn’t know which variable was responsible for your results.

You are measuring the affect of the sun on various color fabrics. What is one possible responding variable?

-Fading over time -Temperature -Amount of light reflected

What are the steps of the scientific method?

The Scientific Method -Ask a question. -Develop a hypothesis (If/Then). -Experimenting and testing. -Collect and organize data. -Analyze data. -Draw conclusions (substantiate or refute). -Retest.

What must be true of a VALID hypothesis? Give an example of a valid one and one that is not valid.

It must be testable! Valid: If three objects of differing masses are dropped from the same height, they will all hit the ground at the same time. Not Valid: If a hungry dragon has the choice between a hobbit, a mermaid, and Spiderman, it will eat the hobbit.

If you test your hypothesis and it is not substantiated…have you failed? Explain!

NO!!!!! You still learned something. It’s not about being “right”…it’s about learning!

Give an example of experimental data.

-plant growth in cm -mL of rainwater collected -speed of a test vehicle

Differentiate between mass and weight.

Mass is the measure of the amount of matter that composes an object. Weight is the effect of gravity on an object’s mass.

What does a mathematical model do?

Uses equations to make PREDICTIONS.…if you have certain data, you can “plug it into” the model.

What scientific measurement system is based upon the metric system?

The SI or International System

What is the purpose of using physical models?

They are used to represent objects or systems that are not otherwise practical to study.

Why are models used in science?

Some things are not easy to study any other way. A few reasons for that…they may be too large, too small, or too dangerous.

What does a conceptual model show?

It helps to diagram important interrelationships among processes and systems.

Which laboratory instrument consists of a tube, lenses, a stage, and a light source?

Compound Microscope

What are three types of models and what are their limitations?

Physical Mathematical Conceptual They are not the actual “thing” being studied.

What is THE most important thing in the laboratory?

SAFETY!!!!!

Here’s an experiment to consider: You plant three seeds and you grow the plants under three different color lights: red, blue & green. You measure the growth over a two week period. The plant under the red light receives 40ml of water daily; the plant under blue light receives 30 ml of water daily; and the plant under the green light receives 20ml of water daily. Evaluate this experiment…is it well designed in your estimation? Justify your thoughts.

Well, I gotta say, this is one poorly designed experiment. It has more than one manipulated (aka: independent) variable. It would be impossible to attribute any difference in growth to one factor. It could be the color of the light or the amount of water.

Earthworms are great for increasing the organic content of soil. If you were a farmer with a time machine about to plant your crop (What? It could happen.), which year would you travel back to and would you plow your soil? Back up your decision!

If you were smart (and you are )… …you would travel back to spring 1995 and you would not plow your soil cuz then you’d have about 175 earthworms per square meter…and that’s good