Multi-Use Mesh Networks Ben Moebes - June 2007

© 2007 Tropos Networks, Inc. Page 2 Agenda What is a Mesh Network? What is Multi-Use How can you increase Revenue? Examples –BT –Houston, TX Mesh/WiMAX integration Q&A

© 2007 Tropos Networks, Inc. Page 3 Open Standard Radio Mesh Today/Tomorrow Wired IP Network Clients Ethernet to Fiber Ring T-1/E-1 DSL Backhaul Metro-Scale Mesh Routers as Wired Gateways Metro Scale Mesh Routers WiMAX Wi-Fi/WiMAX Mesh Architecture makes BWA ROI successful

© 2007 Tropos Networks, Inc. Page 4 Why Tropos Mesh? Wi-Fi Device Explosion 150K+ Wi-Fi Hot Spots Projected 160M+ Cellular Phones with Wi-Fi Source: IDC Source: Instat 250M+ Wi-Fi Client Devices Source: IDC 11Mbps 54Mbps

© 2007 Tropos Networks, Inc. Page 5 Mesh Takes Wi-Fi to “Island” Scale Wi-Fi originally designed as a wireless extension for indoor LANs Mesh makes Wi-Fi effective outdoors over large areas Speed UWB WiMAX Wi-Fi 2G 3G/UMTS PANLANMANWAN Wi-Fi Open Standard Progression Open-standards moving into wireless MAN + WAN

© 2007 Tropos Networks, Inc. Page 6 Web 1.0 to Web 2.0 Transition in Force Web 1.0 (Access) Web 2.0 (Interaction) Symmetrical, true broadband links –Local content generation (photos, videos, music…) –Gaming Uniform coverage –Users expect consistent service and experience Indoor AND Outdoor coverage –Same devices and service regardless of location Support existing and future devices –Wi-Fi devices are ubiquitous today –WiMAX devices expected to be ubiquitous in 2009

© 2007 Tropos Networks, Inc. Page 7 Metro-Scale Mesh provides the Power of Multi-Use Consumer mobile access: Laptops, PDAs, phones, cameras, gaming consoles Mobile business: Trades, real estate, etc. Voice over Wi-Fi: MVNO, cellular compliment and replacement Content services: Advertising, mobile content distribution, local search Public safety: mobile communications, emergency response, surveillance cameras Municipal automation: traffic controllers and cameras, parking meters, AMR Municipal policy: digital inclusion, economic development, disaster avoidance and recovery Public Private Multi-Use Increases Revenue and Improves ROI

Customer Experience and Application Overview

© 2007 Tropos Networks, Inc. Page 9 Experience Breeds Innovation Experience deploying outdoor wireless mesh is critical Public Safety 1st # of users Mesh generation Mixed Use 2nd Major Metro 3rd Nationwide 4th Tropos has enabled every generation of metro-scale mesh networking Vancouver, BC Whistler, BC Livermore, CA Half Moon Bay, CA Newport Beach, CA Healdsburg, CA Pacifica, CA Federal Way, WA Las Vegas, NV Aspen, CO Burlingame, CA Chaska, MN Tulsa, OK Frisco, TX Addison, TX Granbury, TX Dallas, TX Grand Prairie, TX Corpus Christi, TX Houston, TX Gilbert, MN Moorhead, MN McMinnville, OR Paris, KY Baton Rouge, LA New Orleans, LA Lafayette, LA Franklin, TN Pensacola, FL Alexandria, VA Arlington, VA Newark, NJ Jamestown, NY Nantucket, MA Malden, MA Brocton, IL Panama City, FL St. Petersburg, FL South Bend, IN Cedar Island, NC Jackson, TN Nampa, ID Roswell, GA Silver Spring, MD Lynchburg, TN Montgomery County, AL St. Cloud, FL Laguna Beach, CA West Hollywood, CA Oklahoma, OK Philadelphia, PA Lompoc, CA San Mateo, CA Milpitas, CA Anaheim, CA Cerritos, CA Boulder City, NV Encinitas, CA Bland County, VA St. Ignace, MI Belfast, ME Lexington, KY Miami Beach, FL Atlanta, GA Rome, GA McDonough, GA Southaven, MS Rock Hill, SC Mountain View, CA Tucson, AZ Pomona, CA Los Angeles, CA Santa Monica, CA Temecula, CA Fullerton, CA 500+ Customers

© 2007 Tropos Networks, Inc. Page 10 Tropos Featured Customers Oklahoma City: 640 sq mi first-responder network New Orleans: 100+ camera video surveillance network in high-crime areas converted to consumer access and enlarged after Katrina Tucson: Mobile trauma triage Corpus Christi: 100+ sq mi network, automated meter reading and more St. Cloud: Economic development amenity for 28,000 residents Philadelphia: Digital inclusion Mountain View: Ad-supported public access network Chaska, Moorhead, Lompoc and others: City-wide third pipe for residential access Madrid and other Spanish cities: Traffic surveillance Puerto Rico: UPR – Student Network Access China, Japan and the U.K.: Improved coverage and operations in eight container ports Australia: Open pit mine operations A wide variety of applications deployed around the world

© 2007 Tropos Networks, Inc. Page 11 BT Wireless Cities

© 2007 Tropos Networks, Inc. Page 12 Wireless broadband HomeBusiness BT Mobility and Convergence Vision Wireless Broadband at the heart of our strategy Wireless broadband Wi-Fi hotspots Wireless Broadband is about taking Broadband Mobile Wireless cities

© 2007 Tropos Networks, Inc. Page 13 Wi-Fi is today’s technology choice Consumer devices are a key driver of Wi-Fi growth –Widely adopted by the mass market today –Wi-Fi handsets forecast to increase nearly 1300% through to 2010* –245.9 million Wi-Fi portable devices globally by 2010** –22 million in the UK alone by 2011 * –Wi-Fi Alliance has already certified over 3000 products Wi-Fi Networks are expanding –Over 142,407 free and paid Wi-Fi hotspots in 132 countries –Over 300 wireless cities deployed Mobile WiMAX will take time to offer a credible alternative –Fixed WiMAX available today. Useful for infrastructure but limited use for end users –Mobile spectrum auction due to take place late 2007 / early 2008 –Mobile Devices not available till 2008/9 –Mass market will take at least 5 years to mature BT delivered Wi-Fi Networks* * Infonetics Research ** Wireless Cities, BT Openzone, Wi-Fi Consumer & Business networks

© 2007 Tropos Networks, Inc. Page 14 Wireless Cities Vision Remote traffic congestion monitoring, cashless parking payments Providing a safer, cleaner street environment, improving public security - CCTV, noise and pollution monitoring Providing city visitors with the information they need when and where they need it Supporting care in the community initiatives Supporting social inclusion programmes Helping make the city an attractive place to live and work Platform for education and remote learning Supporting city “front line” staff with innovative mobile worker applications

© 2007 Tropos Networks, Inc. Page 15 City of Houston Award

© 2007 Tropos Networks, Inc. Page 16 City of Houston – Muni WiFi objectives

© 2007 Tropos Networks, Inc. Page 17 City of Houston - Architecture 95% outdoor coverage, 90% indoor coverage To be build within 24 months from start date

Wi-Fi/WiMAX Overview

© 2007 Tropos Networks, Inc. Page 19 Today’s Macro-Cell WiMAX Topology ~1 base-station per 2 square Kilometers in urban/suburban areas 30+ MHz of spectrum in 2.3 GHz, 2.5 GHz or 3.5 GHz band Challenges with this approach –Existing cellular antenna overlay, may not achieve sufficient coverage for broadband data –Coverage challenges, including indoor penetration –Capacity not uniformly distributed – 1Mbps uplink)

© 2007 Tropos Networks, Inc. Page 20 Hybrid & Pico-Cell Approach Benefits Better coverage –More uniform client coverage Macro-cell model: >1Mbps for 25% of mobile users Pico-cell model: >1Mbps for 95% of mobile users –Improved indoor coverage (larger subscriber base) –Supports high and symmetric data rates –Higher data rates at the cell-edge Higher capacity –Efficient use of licensed spectrum resources –Opportunistic use of WiFi frequencies –More evenly distributed capacity –Optimized client links operating at high data rates –Scale capacity with usage by adding pico-cells Legend: Deep Blue: > 1Mbps uplink Light Blue: < 1Mbps uplink Macro-Cell Coverage Pico-Cell Coverage

© 2007 Tropos Networks, Inc. Page 21 MetroMesh™ NG Pico-Cell Mesh Architecture Capacity injection (WiMAX e / d / Fiber) Wi-Fi mesh (802.11g, a) Wi-Fi client access (optional) WiMAX client access > 250M Wi-Fi client devices Licensed spectrum Optimized client link Picocells offer true broadband coverage WiMAX j mesh (future) Unlicensed spectrum = Fat Wireless Pipe Backhaul using 500MHz of unlicensed vs. 30MHz of licensed

© 2007 Tropos Networks, Inc. Page 22 Using Unlicensed Spectrum within the Mesh Can leverage ~500 MHz of unlicensed spectrum –Preserve scarce licensed spectrum for WiMAX client access –Unlicensed but “routed spectrum”: SABRE intelligence routes around interference, congestion, unavailability and unreliability issues Can leverage Tropos MetroMesh NG intelligence –Self-configuring, self-healing network architecture –Dynamic frequency selection for interference avoidance –Per-packet data-rate and transmit-power selection to maximize throughput and capacity –SABRE policy-based routing flexibility Flexible, operator-specifiable policies on use of unlicensed (SABRE™) –Example 1: Incorporate preference for mesh transport using unlicensed, with fallback to licensed if interference is encountered –Example 2: Always use licensed-only for mesh transport –Example 3: Always use unlicensed-only for mesh transport –Example 3: Use 4.9 GHz within the mesh only to transport public safety traffic

© 2007 Tropos Networks, Inc. Page 23 Summary: MetroMesh™ NG Pico-Cell Mesh Benefits Better coverage –More uniform client coverage including indoors –Supports true broadband with symmetric bandwidth –Higher throughput at the cell edge Evenly-distributed broadband capacity –Optimum use of licensed spectrum resources –Efficient use of Wi-Fi frequencies –Optimized client links operating at high data rates –Scale capacity with usage by adding picocells, decreasing cell size Smooth integration with macro-cell deployments –Fully interoperable and compatible with macro-cell WiMAX e network architecture Optional support for 4.9 GHz for public safety applications and 2.4 GHz/Wi-Fi support for additional monetization opportunities

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