Universities: Will They Remain the Same? Jamil Salmi Hong Kong, 24 March 2009

2 are universities ready?

3 outline of the presentation... importance of knowledge changing education & training needs emerging challenges

4 explaining the difference between poverty and wealth © K4D program

5 creative work in the economy

6 resolving environmental problems

7 knowledge for safety

8 disaster preparedness n n sismology n n vulcanology n n climatology (floods, tsunamis, droughts, etc.)

9 acceleration of speed of creation of new knowledge

10 how can we update our knowledge?

11 outline of the presentation... importance of knowledge changing education & training needs

12 changing education and training needs higher skill levels

13 Female Male relative earning gaps are increasing

14 Korea and China % 1% 31% 1% 34% 65% 3% 45% 52% % 3% 17% 49% 42% 9% 18% 55% 26%

15 changing education and training needs higher skill levels flexibility to adapt to change

16 changes in job task-skill demands in the USA (1960 – 1998) Source: Autor, Levy, and Murnane (2003) “The Skill Content of Recent Technological Change: An Empirical Exploration,” Quarterly Journal of Economics.

PISA results

18 changing education and training needs higher skill levels flexibility to adapt to change need for continuing education

19 university of the future? postgraduate studies first degree continuing education

20 Continuing education Career change studies Graduate studies Undergraduate studies university of the future?

21 changing education and training needs higher skill levels flexibility to adapt to change need for continuing education learning to learn and unlearn continuously

22 new pedagogical approaches focus on learning tailored to needs of individuals rather than teaching new and varied modalities for learning: interactive & collaborative learning

23 new pedagogical approaches focus on learning tailored to needs of individuals rather than teaching new and varied modalities for learning: interactive & collaborative learning reliance on advanced education technology in appropriate ways

24 new pedagogical approaches focus on learning tailored to needs of individuals rather than teaching new and varied modalities for learning: interactive & collaborative learning reliance on advanced education technology in appropriate ways teacher as guide and facilitator

25 “In the early twenty-first century, people will be able to study what they want, when they want, where they want, and in the language they prefer, electronically.“ Peter Knight, July 1994

26 outline of the presentation... importance of knowledge changing education & training needs emerging challenges

27 emerging challenges world-class universities quality and relevance values and ethics impact of the financial tsunami flexibility

28 top 50 universities

29 SJTU ranking (2008)

Hong Kong and mainland China universities in the world rankings 2008/09

31 Shanghai Jiao Tong University: ARWU Chinese universities in top Chinese University Hong Kong Hong Kong University of Science & Technology Nanjing University Peking University Shanghai Jiao Tong University Tsinghua University University of Hong Kong University of Science & Technology of China Zhejiang University

32 THE-QS World Universities Ranking Chinese universities in top University of Hong Kong 39 Hong Kong University of Science & Technology 42 The Chinese University of Hong Kong 50 Peking University 56 Tsinghua University 113 Fudan University 141 University of Science and Technology of China 143 Nanjing University 144 Shanghai Jiao Tong University 147City University of Hong Kong 229 Zhejiang University 386 Tianjin University

33 Webometrics January 2009 Ten Chinese universities in top Peking University 121University of Hong Kong 156Chinese University of Hong Kong 241 Tsinghua University China 355 Shanghai Jiao Tong University 387Hong Kong University of Science & Technology 425ZheJiang University 435City University of Hong Kong 477 Fudan University 482Hong Kong Polytechnic University

34 what it means to be world class concentration of talent abundant resources appropriate governance

Autonomy Academic Freedom Students Teaching Staff Researchers Research Output Technology Transfer Concentration of Talent Abundant Resources Favorable Governance Leadership Team Strategic Vision Culture of Excellence Public Budget Resources Endowment Revenues Tuition Fees Research Grants WCU Supportive Regulatory Framework Graduates Characteristics of a World-Class University Alignment of Key Factors Source: Elaborated by Jamil Salmi

36 what it means to be world class (II) research universities or all types of tertiary institutions? every institution or a select few?

37 quality and relevance programs –professional skills –soft competencies creativity

38 creativity invent experiment think out of the box take chances break the rules make mistakes and have fun…

39 quality and relevance programs –professional skills –soft competencies creativity measurement of student learning outcomes effectiveness of e-learning

40 ethical dimensions humanistic values

41 ethical dimensions humanistic values conflict of interest in research rules for fund raising environmental responsibility

42 is the golden era over?

43 impact of the crisis quality equity opportunity for further investment as engine of growth need to have multiple funding sources and practice contingency planning

44 flexibility

45 flexibility good feedback mechanisms strategic planning to orient change ability to react and adapt rapidly

46 conclusion

47 the brick university

48 the click university

49

50 competing in the learning society...

51 competing in the learning society...

52 competing in the learning society...

53 competing in the learning society...

54 crisis

55 danger

56 opportunity

57 crisis = danger + opportunity

what is your vision?

59