1st DEC AIDS AWARENESS DAY GOVT. COLLEGE ARON MADHYA PRADESH CELEBRATES

1st DEC AIDS AWARENES DAY 'Universal Access and Human Rights'

Messages Prof. V S Meena Prof. B S Jayant Dr. R C Chauhan

Dr. Yogendra B S Tomar Anil KumarVerma Messages

Dheeraj Agrawal Shiv Nandan Yadav Sona Raghuvanshi Messages

Sushama Mudgal Sunil soni Messages

Dr.P Joshi Prof. M Paraste

Intro: Theme song Bhanu kumar B.Sc I Sem Aao Baat Karen

'Universal Access and Human Rights

Is HIV and AIDS the same thing?

HIV “Human Immunodeficiency Syndrome” A specific type of virus (a retrovirus) HIV invades the helper T cells to replicate itself. No Cure

AIDS Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome HIV is the virus that causes AIDS Disease limits the body’s ability to fight infection A person with AIDS has a very weak immune system No Cure

Symptoms Sangeeta Rao B.Sc-I Sem AIDS KI BAAT SABKE SATH

Four Stages of HIV

Stage 1 - Primary Short, flu-like illness - occurs one to six weeks after infection no symptoms at all Infected person can infect other people

Stage 2 - Asymptomatic Lasts for an average of ten years This stage is free from symptoms There may be swollen glands The level of HIV in the blood drops to very low levels HIV antibodies are detectable in the blood

Stage 3 - Symptomatic The symptoms are mild The immune system deteriorates emergence of opportunistic infections and cancers

Stage 4 - HIV  AIDS The immune system weakens The illnesses become more severe leading to an AIDS diagnosis

Symptoms Pulmonary Infection: Pneumocistis jirovecii (AIDS) T B

Gastrointestinal infections Unexplained chronic diarrheadiarrhea (Salmonella, Shigella, Listeria or CampylobacterSalmonellaShigellaListeria Campylobacter

Neurological and psychiatric involvement Toxoplasmosis is a disease caused by the single-celled parasite called Toxoplasma gondii Toxoplasmosisparasite AIDS dementia complex (ADC) is a metabolic encephalopathy induced by HIV infection AIDS dementia complexencephalopathy

Progressive multifocal ukoencephalopathy demyelinating disease Progressive multifocal ukoencephalopathydemyelinating disease

CANCER Kaposi's sarcoma (KS Burkitt's lymphoma

HIV/AIDS Transmission Bhanu Kumar B.Sc I sem Jankari Failayen Aids se Bachayen

Modes of HIV/AIDS Transmission

Transmission of AIDS There are two types of HIV virus, i.e. HIV-1 and HIV-2. HIV-1 is present all over the world and in India more than 80% people are affected by it. HIV-2 is mainly found in Africa and also presents in India

Once in body, HIV attacks CD4 type of White Blood Cells (WBCs) in blood and gradually kills them These CD4 type of WBC helps us to fight against various infections.

Sexual Transmission

Transfusion of infected blood or blood products

Infected mother to her baby during pregnancy, birth process and through breast – feeding

Use of infected needles and instruments without sterilization or sharing of needles and syringes by HIV drug addicts Use of Tattoos / piercing

HIV in Body Fluids Semen 11,000 Vaginal Fluid 7,000 Blood 18,000 Amniotic Fluid 4,000 Saliva 1 Average number of HIV particles in 1 ml of these body fluids

HOW HIV IS NOT TRANSMITTED Embarrassing or kissing (social)

Touching hand shaking or hugging Sharing bathroom or toilet

Coughing, saliva or sneezing Eating together or sharing utensils Swimming pools

Mosquito bite, Insect bite or houseflies Patient caring

ONLY ONE MISTAKE

MOLECULAR BASIS OF HIV Together we can make the difference Nidhi Chaturvedi B.Sc-I Sem

Structure and Life Cycle of Virus

Structure of HIV

Life cycle of HIV

Retrovirus HIV has just nine genes Genetic material is RNA Reverse transcriptase

Diagnosis Shyam Sunder Ohja B.Sc III Sem Jan Jan Ka ek Nara AIDS Mukth ho Desh Hamara

Testing Options for HIV

Anonymous Testing No name is used Unique identifying number Results issued only to test recipient Anonymous

Confidential Testing Person’s name is recorded along with HIV results Name and positive results are reported to the State Department and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Results issued only to test recipient

Administration Blood Urine Oral

Blood Detection Tests Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/Enzyme Immunoassay (ELISA/EIA) Radio Immunoprecipitation Assay/Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Assay (RIP/IFA) Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Western Blot Confirmatory test

Urine Testing Urine Western Blot As sensitive as testing blood Safe way to screen for HIV Can cause false positives in certain people at high risk for HIV

Oral Testing Orasure The only FDA approved HIV antibody. As accurate as blood testing Draws blood-derived fluids from the gum tissue. NOT A SALIVA TEST!

Counseling

Pre-test Counseling Transmission Prevention Risk Factors Voluntary & Confidential Reportability of Positive Test Results

Post-test Counseling Clarifies test results Need for additional testing Promotion of safe behavior Release of results

TREATMENT Shalu Jain B.Sc I sem Know AIDS NO AIDS

Treatment Options

Treatment The viral load test Assessment for signs/symptoms of potential drug toxicities Adherence counselling and assessment of adherence Assessment of response to therapy and signs of treatment failure Weight measurement CD4 testing at least every six months (if available) Haemoglobin monitoring for patients on AZT

Antiviral Therapy HAART Vaccines Alternative medicines

GENE THERAPY Retro virus Italy

Home treatment

Emotional treatment

History and Economic Impact Sonam Namdev B.Sc I Sem Clean Environment Healty environment

History So did HIV come from an SIV AIDS is detected in California and New York 1981 AIDS is reported among haemophiliacs and Haitians in the USA 1982 Scientists identify HIV (initially called HTLV-III or LAV) as the cause of AIDS

An HIV test is licensed for screening blood suppliesHIV test AZT is the first drug approved for treating AIDS

1987- no one is Immune

Stigma Fear Social attitude Religion

AIDS vs INDIA Kuldeep Singh B.Sc I Sem Aao Bat Kare AIDS Ka Bhoot Bhagayen

AIDS vs INDIA AIDS control programme with 135 HIV +ive 1992 NACO established According to an estimate 2.5 m i.e 0.3 %

Highest in Maharastra, A.P, Goa,Tamilnadu, Karnataka Manipur, nagaland and mizorum

Who needs education School, College AIDS education in the workplace

At village level spl women

Thank You!