Accessibility of Open Course Library Materials Terrill Thompson Technology Accessibility Specialist

Students are diverse

In order to be accessible, web content must be: Perceivable Operable Understandable Robust Source: W3C Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0,

Standards and Guidelines W3C Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.0 W3C Accessible Rich Internet Applications (ARIA) 1.0 Section 508 Standards (federal law) Draft Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Standards and Guidelines (508 refresh)

7 Examples of Common Web Accessibility Problems 1.Images without alternate text 2.Poor use of HTML headings 3.No accessible markup on form fields 4.No accessible markup on data tables 5.No text alternatives on multimedia 6.Navigation menus or other content that requires a mouse 7.PDF’s not authored for accessibility

Learn More About Accessible Web Design Accessible University 2.0 “Before” and “after” mock site with 16 accessibility problems and solutions computing/AU

Characteristics of HTML Highly structured language Possible for authors to create highly structured documents Possible for authors to create documents with little or no structure Structure is well-supported by AT Structure facilitates navigation for AT users (and has many other advantages)

Characteristics of Microsoft Word Heading structure possible through styles and formatting Alternate text can be added to images. No HTML-like accessible table structure Structural information (e.g., headings, alternate text) is communicated to AT Most structure is passed on to other file formats when documents are exported

Adobe PDF Three general types: –Image –Image with embedded fonts –Tagged (optimized for accessibility) Accessibility depends on how document was created Accessibility can be added later using Adobe Acrobat Pro

What about Video?

Video can be inaccessible to: People who are unable to hear it People who are unable to see it People who are unable to do either People who are unable to operate the player controls People who need to search video content People who don’t speak the language

How to Add Captions 1.Create a transcript 2.Divide the transcript into caption-sized segments (optional, depending on choice of tool in #3) 3.Use a captioning tool to timestamp the caption-sized segments 4.Save to an output file that is appropriate for your media type

Captioning Tools Free Software –MAGpie (Win & Mac), SubTitle Workshop (Win), World Caption (Mac), CapScribe (Mac)MAGpieSubTitle Workshop World Caption CapScribe Commercial Software –HiCaption (Win), MovCaptioner (Mac)HiCaption MovCaptioner Free Online Tools –dotSub, Subtitle Horse, CaptionTubedotSubSubtitle HorseCaptionTube See my blog: Free Tools For Captioning YouTube Videos Free Tools For Captioning YouTube Videos

dotSub.com

Flavors of Closed Captions Quicktime – SMIL, with captions in qt.txt Real – SMIL, with captions in rt.txt Windows – SAMI YouTube – SubRip, SubViewer W3C Timed Text - Distribution Format Exchange Profile (DFXP) Apple i* - Scenarist Closed Caption (SCC)

Example Output in SubRip (.srt) 1 00:00:17,000 --> 00:00:17,957 A generation ago, 2 00:00:17,957 --> 00:00:21,396 personal computers began to make their mark on the world. 3 00:00:21,396 --> 00:00:23,429 It was the beginning of an incredible change

Example Output in SubViewer (.sub,.sbv) 00:00:21.526,00:00: (Narrator) Lindsay's a high school sophomore, but she's already thinking about career options. 00:00:26.106,00:00: (Lindsay) Science and math are probably what I would want to go into, as a, you know, 00:00:29.876,00:00: a career, when I'm out of college.

Example Output in W3C Timed Text DFXP (.tt.xml) Your website’s visitors aren’t a faceless mass of identical mouse-clickers, but a vibrant community of individuals with varying tastes, styles, and abilities.

Uploading Captions to YouTube

Semi-Automatic Captioning Tools Upload a transcript, automatically convert that it into captions: –YouTube –Caption Sync (Automatic Sync Technologies)Caption Sync –DocsoftDocsoft

Adding Closed Captions for Apple i* iPhones and iPods support closed captions via.scc format Requires many steps, either in: –Apple Final Cut Pro ($999) –Apple QuickTime Pro ($30), Mac version only “Creating Accessible iTunes U Content” (NCAM) accessible-itunes accessible-itunes

Scenarist Closed Caption (.scc) Scenarist_SCC V1.0 00:00:00:12 94ae 94ae d0 94d0 942c 942c 942f 942f 00:00:00:12 942c 942c 00:00:00:12 94ae 94ae d0 94d0 5b20 6d75 73e9 e320 5d80 942c 942c 942f 942f 00:00:09:04 942c 942c00:00:09:0494ae 94ae d0 94d0 942c 942c 942f 942f 00:00:09:04 942c 942c00:00:09:0494ae 94ae d0 94d0 5b6e 61f2 f261 f4ef f25d 20d9 ef75 20f7 616e f4bf f468 e573 e520 70e5 ef70 ece5 ae80 942c 942c 942f 942f

Sample Closed Captioned Video on iPhone Video clip compliments of NCAM:

Audio Description Various names: Audio description Video description Descriptive Video™ Descriptive narration Described video A separate narrative track, for people who can’t see critical visual content

How to avoid audio description Assure that all important information is communicated visually and audibly If video is a lecture, always be mindful that not everyone in the audience can see. Applies broadly: Live lectures, people in the back can’t see Audio-recorded lectures, nobody can see Video-recorded lectures, many people can’t see

How to add Audio Description Carefully script audio description: –Choose words carefully so as not to distort the message –Find suitable moments for inserting audio (avoid conflicts with existing dialog or important sounds) Record audio description segments Output 1: Remix audio track to include audio description Option 2: Save as audio file. Let the media player sync it with the video (not widely supported)

YouTube Player

JW FLV Player as used at

Video made simple: HTML 5 Accessibility in HTML5 is a work in progress. Stay tuned to my blog: terrillthompson.blogspot.com

HTML5 tag as used in DRAFT DO-IT Video Search Update

Resources My blog: Accessible Documents in HTML, Word, and PDF – WebAIM –Creating accessible Microsoft Word docs –PDF Accessibility California State University PDF Tutorials –

Resources Adobe Accessibility: – DO-IT AccessComputing These slides

Questions?