The Sentence and Its Parts Chapter 1 The Sentence and Its Parts

Complete Subjects and Predicates Lesson 1 Complete Subjects and Predicates

Sentence A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought.

Sentence Every complete sentence has two basic parts: a subject and a predicate.

Subject The complete subject includes all the words that tell whom or what the sentence is about. Some architects bring nature indoors. COMPLETE SUBJECT

Subject Subject= Noun or Pronoun Noun- a person, place, thing, or idea Pronoun- a word that takes the place of a noun

Predicate The complete predicate includes the verb and all the words that modify the verb. bring nature indoors. Some architects COMPLETE PREDICATE

Predicate Predicate= Verb Verb- shows action, condition, or a state of being Action verb Linking verb Helping verb

Practice & Apply Directions: In each of the following sentences identify the complete subject and complete predicate.

Practice & Apply Many animals need shelter from cold and predators. Lodges on islands often/ give beavers the best protection. Many animals / need shelter from cold and predators.

Practice & Apply Lodges on islands often give beavers the best protection. Many animals/need shelter from cold and predators. Lodges on islands often/ give beavers the best protection. Lodges on islands often/ give beavers the best protection.

Practice & Apply These homes are built up from the bottom of the pond. Strong saplings/ are anchored into the mud. 3. These homes /are built up from the bottom of the pond.

Practice & Apply Strong saplings are anchored into the mud. 3. These homes /are built up from the bottom of the pond. Strong saplings/ are anchored into the mud. Strong saplings/ are anchored into the mud.

Lesson 2 Simple Subjects

Subject The simple subject is the main word or words in the complete subject. Some architects bring nature indoors. SIMPLE SUBJECT

Lesson 3 Simple Predicates

Predicate The simple predicate, or verb, is the main word or words in the complete predicate. Some architects bring nature indoors. SIMPLE PREDICATE

Practice & Apply Directions: In each of the following sentences identify the simple subject and simple predicate.

The sturdy rodents then pile debris into a mound. 5. Rodents/ pile Branches buried in the mud are food for the winter. 5. 6. 6. Branches/ buried

The whole family lives together in the snug burrow. Their warm bodies keep the temperature comfortable. 8. Bodies / keep

Predators can claw at the frozen lodge. The crafty beavers stay safe and warm inside. 10. Beavers / stay

Lesson 4 Verb Phrases

Verb Phrases A verb phrase is made up of a main verb and one or more helping verbs. The computer can help you learn. VERB PHRASE

Helping Verbs Forms of be: is, are, was, were, be, been Forms of do: do, does, did Forms of have: has, have, had, Others: may, might, can, should, could, would, shall, will

Practice & Apply Directions: In each of the following sentences identify the verb phrase.

The first “smart house” was developed in the early 1980s. Its appliances could communicate with each other. 2. Could communicate

Suppose you were running the vacuum cleaner. The noise might keep you from hearing the phone. 4. Might keep

Those with disabilities may benefit the most from a smart house. The house will perform some of the tasks beyond their capability. 6. Will perform

Compound Sentence Parts Lesson 5 Compound Sentence Parts

Compound Subject A compound subject is made up of two or more subjects that share the same verb.

Compound Verb A compound verb is made up of two or more verbs that share the same subject.

Practice & Apply Directions: In each of the following sentences identify the compound subject or compound verb.

In the future, we may design and build outer-space cities. Space stations and orbiting platforms are our first step away from earth. Space stations and platforms In the future, we may design and build outer-space cities. 2. May design and build

Several nations or international groups could pool their resources. 3. Nations or groups They could create and manage a colony on the moon. 4. Could create and manage

We already design and plan model cities. Minerals and other raw materials would be shipped to colonies in space. 5. Minerals and raw materials We already design and plan model cities. 6. Design and plan

Lesson 6 Kinds of Sentences

Declarative Makes a statement; always ends with a period.

Interrogative Asks a question; always ends in a question mark.

Imperative Tells or asks someone to do something; usually ends with a period but may end with an exclamation point.

Exclamatory Shows strong feeling; always ends with an exclamation point.

Practice & Apply Directions: identify each of the following sentences as declarative, interrogative, exclamatory, or imperative.

The nests are made from cellulose and are very strong Did you know that some wasps build round, gray nests that can be as big as beach balls . ? interrogative declarative

Their sting is very painful ! . Stay away from wasps 3. imperative Their sting is very painful ! 4. Exclamatory

Subjects in Unusual Order Lesson 7 Subjects in Unusual Order

Questions In a question, the subject usually comes after the verb or between parts of the verb phrase.

Commands The subject of a command, or imperative sentence, is usually you.

Inverted Sentences In an inverted sentence, the subject comes after the verb. Writers use this method to emphasize particular words or ideas.

Here or There In some sentences beginning with here or there, subjects follow verbs. To find the subject in such a sentence, look for the verb and ask the question who or what.

Practice & Apply Directions: In each of the following sentences identify the subject and verb.

There are some benefits to games at the home stadium. Benefits / are In the bleachers sit all your fans. 2. Fans / sit

There are fewer hostile fans from the other team. 3. Fans / are Is travel time shorter to and from the game? 4. Travel/ is

On the field can be seen special landscaping. 5. Landscaping/ can be seen Will the umpires give the home team a break? 6. Umpires/ will give

Does the team usually play better on their own field? 7. team / does play Look at the team’s record for the season. 8. you / look

There are more wins at home. 9. wins/ are Plan more home games for next year. 10. You / plan

Sentences, Fragments, and Run-ons Lesson 10 Sentences, Fragments, and Run-ons

Sentence A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought.

Fragments A sentence fragment is a part of a sentence that is written as if it were a complete sentence.

Run-On A run-on sentence is two or more sentences written as though they were a single sentence.

Practice & Apply Directions: Identify each of the following sentences as a complete sentence, a fragment, or a run-on.

Their traditional homes. The Maya live in Mexico. Their traditional homes. Complete Sentence 2. Fragment Have been much the same for centuries. 3. Fragment

Some were made of stucco and stone. Complete Sentence Today Mayan houses have electricity and telephones other things haven’t changed. 5. Run-on

The End