THE RETURN TO NORMALCY Mr. Ermer U.S. History Honors Miami Beach Senior High LACC.1112.RH.1.9, SS.912.A , SS.912.A.1-7, SS.912.G.1-3, SS.912.G.4-3

THE GREAT WAR ENDS  Many of Wilson’s promises of self determination fall flat Russian Bolsheviks become competition in anti-colonial struggle  Treaty of Versailles rejected by U.S. Senate, “no” to League of Nations Henry Cabot Lodge, chairman of Senate Foreign Relations Committee, fights treaty Wilson campaigns for no changes to League Covenant, has a stroke  Economy enters post-war recession, rapid inflation from released price controls  Boston Police Strike, Mass. Gov. Calvin Coolidge sends National Guard  Steelworker’s Strike of 1919

THE ISOLATIONIST MYTH  After WWI, many Americans favor isolationism, U.S. still connected  The Dawes Plan Restructured German reparation payments, and Allied war debt  The Washington Naval Conference 1921: Britain, France, Italy, U.S. and Japan agree to limit size of navies for ten years  The Kellogg-Briand Pact Agreement between many nations to outlaw war  The London Naval Conference 1930: Japan and Italy drop out of Washington agreement; Britain, France, and U.S. continue

AFRICAN AMERICAN DEMANDS  Expectations of equality not met after the war  Summer of 1919: race riots affect many industrial cities NAACP calls for African-Americans to retaliate against violence  Marcus Garvey’s United Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) Develop “African Awareness” and reject assimilation into white society Principle of African superiority and “Black Nationalism” 1923: Indicted of fraud, deported to Jamaica

THE RED SCARE  Violence breeds fear of instability and radicalism Fear of communism after Russian Revolution and creation of Comintern Comintern=Communist International to export communism around globe  Spring of 1919 bombings target businessmen and politicians Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer’s home targeted  Antiradicalism & the Palmer Raids Palmer and J. Edgar Hoover call series of raids on “radicals”  Sacco & Vanzetti Trial

RETURNING TO NORMALCY  Heavy-handed government actions cause powerful backlash Attorney General Palmer fired, Democratic Party damaged American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) Supreme Court vigorously defends freedom of unpopular speech  Women’s Suffrage and the end of Progressive Reforms Maternity & Infancy Act of 1921 and Cable Citizenship Act of 1922  Election of 1920: Cox vs. Harding Harding campaigns on vague promise of a return to “normalcy”—wins

CHAPTER 7, LESSON 4 On page 203, write and answer questions 1-5