Session 2 Commonalities, Conditions & Characteristics of PHE Projects 1

Session Objectives Define the continuum of integrated programming approaches and their relative advantages and disadvantages. Establish the basic rationale for doing integrated projects (cross-sector vs. single sector projects) 2

Session Overview Introduction to PHE Reasons for Integration Types of Integration Conditions Supporting Integration Achieving Integration 3

Session Overview Introduction to PHE Reasons for Integration Types of Integration Conditions Supporting Integration Achieving Integration 4

What is PHE? DEFINITION: A community development model that links population, health, and environment (PHE) factors and supports cross-sectoral collaboration and coordination, particularly in biodiversity-rich areas (BALANCED) Linkage, within a community or group of communities, of natural resource management or similar environmental activities and the improvement of reproductive health, always including but not limited to provision of family planning services (Engelman) 5

What is PHE? P = Reproductive health & family planning H = Water, sanitation, malaria, HIV/AIDS, MCH E = Natural resource management, biodiversity conservation, fisheries management, eco-agriculture Amenable to other sectors +E = Education (non-formal & formal) Energy (fuel efficient smokeless stoves, biogas) Eco-tourism, sustainable tourism development Enterprise/livelihood development 6

Session Overview Introduction to PHE Reasons for Integration Types of Integration Conditions Supporting Integration Achieving Integration 7

Reasons for Integration Over 1.1 billion people worldwide live in biodiversity- rich areas Population growth in hotspots is nearly 40 percent greater than globally 8

Reasons for Integration Integrated lives Address root causes Enhance relationship Access different communities Economic efficiencies Build on existing frameworks Broader community participation Synergy from combination 9

Synergy from Combination Social systems & ecosystems are interrelated and linked Whatever effects one system, affects the other Small improvements in either system reinforce each other To turn around both systems from degradation to health Linked Eco-Social System Concept (G.G. Marten) 10

Session Overview Introduction to PHE Reasons for Integration Types of Integration Conditions Supporting Integration Achieving Integration 11

Types of Integration Parallel Coordinated Cross-sectoral (Bridge) Integrated (Symbiotic) Parallel Coordinated Cross-sectoral (Bridge) Integrated (Symbiotic) 12

Types of Integration Parallel: projects conducted in a single area without coordination among organizations Coordinated: projects conducted in the same area with some level of coordination Cross-sectoral: projects involving several sectors that are conceptually linked Integrated: projects involving several sectors that are conceptually and operationally linked 13

Session Overview Introduction to PHE Reasons for Integration Types of Integration Conditions Supporting Integration Achieving Integration 14

Policy Context Food security Climate change Gender HIV/AIDS prevention Disaster mitigation Resource governance 15

Site Context Need of intervention – PHE is more of a prevention approach than rehabilitation Desire of community to participate – and its indigenous knowledge and practices regarding conservation and health Biological value – Ecologically significant area where population dynamics pose threats to the flow of ecosystems services/goods vital to human populations Socioeconomic criteria – Level of organization in community, level of poverty, level of education and literacy, access to information Physical criteria – Distribution of community & access to infrastructure 16

Session Overview Introduction to PHE Reasons for Integration Types of Integration Conditions Supporting Integration Achieving Integration 17

Achieving Integration Conceptual Integration Field Integration Community Involvement PHE Partnerships Mobilizing Resources Planning Ahead 18

TEAM TASK – Assessing Organizational Capacity 1.Review flow chart “General Steps in Creating a PHE Project”. Assess your organization’s capacity: Which steps (up to 3) has your organization met with success? Which steps (up to 3) posed the most challenge? Which steps (up to 3) does your organization have very little or no experience? 2. Based on the color-code below, use the colored dots to show your results by placing each dot next to the appropriate step on the wall chart. Write your organization’s name or acronym next to each of your posted dots. Success = green; Challenge = red Little/no experience = yellow Time: 20 minutes 19

Acknowledgements US Agency for International Development Global Health Program, Office of Population and Reproductive Health 20