COPYRIGHT IN THE CLASSROOM By: Jenny Akenberger, Lauren Brunswick, and Samantha Griner

What is copyrighting?  Copyright –  Form of intellectual property that gives the creator exclusive rights for a period of time.  Laws that protect the interest of those who create works Text Music Artwork Software Any other form that one would have creation rights to

U.S. Copyright Law  Under the U.S. copyright law, the copyright owner is granted exclusive rights to the product and to the financial gain resulting from the product that he or she creates, owns, or distributes for a specified length of time.  Others cannot copy the product without the copyright owner’s permission.  Violations of copyright owner’s rights can lead to legal action.

Copyright Throughout the World  The United States has copyright relations with most countries throughout the world, and as a result of these agreements, we honor each other’s citizens’ copyrights.

Seven broad categories Copyright Law covers  Literary Works – fiction and non fiction; includes books, manuscripts, periodicals, manuals, and other literary works  Musical Works – lyrics, songs, operas, musicals, etc.  Dramatic Works – plays and dramatic readings (including music)  Choreographed Works  Pictorial, Graphical, and Sculptural Works – photographs, maps, diagrams, charts, figures  Motion Picture and Audiovisual Works – film, video, other multimedia presentations  Sound Recordings – records, tapes, computer recordings

Copyright Does Not Cover…  Names, titles, slogans or phrases  Products or industrial processes  Ideas

History of Copyright  Copyright began with the constitution.  Congress enacted the first federal copyright law in May 1790, and the first work was registered within two weeks.

Why do we need to copyright?  Copyrighting is necessary because it protects one’s own  Ideas  Creations  Writings  Music  Livings (one could copy another’s work and harm the other’s living)  “The expression of their ideas belongs to people as much as the car or house or DVD player they bought.”

Consequences to not copyrighting  Copyright infringement occurs when a copyrighted work is reproduced, distributed, performed, or made into a derivative work without permission of the copyright owner.  If you are brought into court over copyright infringement, you will have to pay to the amount of money the infringer made from using the work.

How can I make Copyrighting easier?  The best way to avoiding problems with any copyright problems is to ask the owner of a copyright for permission to use the image, product, or text.  Although this can be time consuming, it is the best way to take care of any doubts you have. When writing this letter you need to include: When you’re using the work How often you will use it How you would use it And why you would use it

Classroom Use  Copyrighting and citations are used in the classroom during  Essays  Presentations (PowerPoint, etc.)  Video or multimedia presentations  Or anytime information or pictures that are not yours are used  Two formats are used for citations  MLA  APA  Bibliography is also necessary for class work

MLA Format  Book  Author(s). Title of Book. Place of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication.  Part of a book  Author(s). "Title of Article." Title of Collection. Ed. Editor's Name(s). Place of Publication: Publisher, Year. Pages.  Magazine article or Newspaper article  Author(s). "Title of Article." Title of Source. Day Month Year: pages.  Website  Author(s). Name of Page. Date of Posting/Revision. Name of institution/organization affiliated with the site. Date of Access.  Article on a website  Author(s)."Article Title." Name of web site. Date of posting/revision. Name of institution/organization affiliated with site. Date of access.

APA Format  Book  Author's name. (Year). Title of book. Place of publication: Publisher.  Article in a magazine  Author's name. (Year). Title of article. Title of journal, volume number(issue number—only if issue starts with page 1 rather than continuously paginated through all issues), page numbers.  Article in a newspaper  Author's name. (Year, Month Day). Title of article. Title of newspaper, p. page#.  Website (article)  Author. (Date published if available; n.d.--no date-- if not). Title of article. Title of web site. Retrieved date. From URL.

Resources that may help!  Writer’s INC  Will help with any citations!  Bib Me  Easy Bib – (use APA will need to pay)

Other rules for citations  Inside text citations – in an essay, you need to cite where you got the information from  Example. After the sentence with the information put (Author page #).  Or (Author Year).  According To Tabs – If you are using a quote or dictionary definition is acceptable to cite with an according to tab  Example. According to Dictionary.com, freedom is “the power to determine action without restraint.”

Acceptable Use  Teachers must take steps to ensure students’ acceptable use of technology.  Regardless of the ultimate rulings by legislators or courts, it will continue to be an educator’s professional and legal responsibility to stay aware of changes to the law and to model its application in his/her classroom.

Fair Use  Fair use section (Section 107) of the law describes circumstances under which a teacher can use copyrighted materials in face-to-face interaction.  This section has allowed educators and students to temporarily use copyrighted materials if they meet the stated criteria.

Fair Use Guidelines Self-Test Fair Use ConsiderationAsk Yourself Purpose and character of useWhat is the intended use? Are you using it for educational purposes? Is the use noncommercial in nature? Nature of the copyrighted workWhat type of work is it? Is the work primarily factual in nature? Does the work contain relatively little creative or imaginative substance? Amount and sustainability of the portion usedHow much of the work do you intend to use? Effect of the use on the work’s marketabilityWhat impact does this kind of use have on the market for the work? Would the use substitute for purchasing the original? Would the use negatively affect the market potential of the original? ASK YOURSELF THESE QUESTIONS BEFORE USING COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL! Source: Adapted from CCMC guidelines as summarized in Georgia harper’s University of Texas System crash course in copyright; retrieved from February

Chart of Fair Use Areas of UseSample Guidelines for fair use of Multimedia Students Students can incorporate copyrighted work into their own multimedia creations when it is part of an academic assignment as long as the time, copies, and portion limitations (below) are met. Teachers Faculty can incorporate others’ work into multimedia to create multimedia curriculum and to demonstrate that curriculum at professional symposia as long as the time, copies, and portion limitations below are met. Time The time limit for fair use of others’ multimedia work is two years after the first instructional use. Copies Only a limited number of copies, including the original, may be made of an educator’s educational multimedia project. There may be no more than two use copies, only one which may be place on reserve. An additional copy may be made for preservation purposes but may be used or copied only to replace a use copy that has been lost stolen, or damaged. Portion For copyright-protected works, you can use Up to 10 percent or three minutes, whichever is less, for motion media Up to 10 percent or 1,000 words, whichever is less, for text Up to 10 percent, but in no event more than 30 seconds, for audio No more than five images by an artist or photographer or, if collected works, no more than 10 percent or fifteen images, whichever is less Up to 10 percent or 2,500 fields or cell entries, whichever is less, of the numerical data sets LIMITATIONS Source: Adapted from CCMC guidelines as summarized in Georgia Harper's University of Texas System crash course in copyright; retrieved from February

TEACH Act  In 2002, the Technology, Education, and Copyright Harmonization (TEACH) Act was passed.  The TEACH Act provides for expansion of the range of works allowed, the number of locations receiving the works, and the right to digitize works from other formats provided they meet the act’s very specific requirements.

Software Piracy  Copying software to share with others or installing software on multiple machines when only one copy was purchased is software piracy.  Violating copyright with respect to software is a violation of the law. If you’re caught, it could result in you, your school, and your district being sued by the copyright holder.

Academic Dishonesty  Academic dishonesty- Cheating and/or plagiarizing in academic work that may be facilitated by the ease of copying and pasting information from web sites or multimedia.  There are “services” to students on the web that allow someone to write the student’s paper for them.

How to Prevent it in the Classrooms  Turnitin.com is a easy way for teachers to receive a report of the students work that detects any areas of plagiarism.  ABC News reported that at San Mateo High school, students were informed about the capability the company had to compare their papers with millions of other student papers it has acquired from students before.  Other preventive measures to discourage plagiarism is by letting students know that you are aware of the most infamous sites that sell papers such as: Cheathouse, Perfect Essays, Direct Essays, and Monster Papers.  By giving students open–ended topics is a great way to make students think creatively in their own writing rather then asking them to analyze and evaluate topics that have already been written on to the point of exhaustion.

Antiplagiarism Software  If academic dishonesty is widespread, a school can even install, or use online, antiplagiarism software.  This software compares student’s works with well- known authors’ work and with work posted on the web.  Example: Turnitin.com

Creative Commons  Non-profitable organization who have come up with an alternative to “all rights reserved” and offered a “some rights reserved” approach.  It allows copyright owners to grant some or all of their rights to the public.

Creative Commons Clip 

As Teachers We Should…  Provide helpful and up-to-date knowledge on Copyright rules to our students to ensure they understand.  Discourage the use of downloading illegal music  Limewire  Make sure to inform them about Plagiarizing.  Teach them it is not ok to copy and paste someone else's work.  Communicate with your students and keep an eye on them when they are working on computers

Try your best and the first person to raise their hand and answer correctly will get a piece of candy! Quiz

Question One:  What is a form of intellectual property that gives the creator exclusive rights for a period of time?

COPYRIGHT

Question Two:  What is the website that teachers use to detect plagiarism?

TURNITIN.COM

Question Three:  What is missing from the following MLA format for a book: ____________. Title of Book. Place of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication.

AUTHOR(S)

Question Four:  Name one format that you can use to cite a source.

APA & MLA

Question Five:  Name one thing that Copyright does not cover…

Names, titles, slogans or phrases Products or industrial processes Ideas

Question Six:  True or False- Copyrighting and citations are used in the classroom during essays.

TRUE

Question Seven:  True or False- Software Piracy helps compare student’s work with well-known authors’ work and with work posted on the web

FALSE: Antiplagiarism software

Question Eight:  Name one of the seven broad categories Copyright Law covers.

 Literary Works  Musical Works  Dramatic Works  Choreographed Works  Pictorial, Graphical, and Sculptural Works  Motion Picture and Audiovisual Works  Sound Recordings

Question Nine:  True or False- If you have any doubts about copyright, you should write a letter asking for permission.

TRUE

Question Ten:  Who can name all of our names?

Jenny, Lauren, Samantha

Bibliography  Bibme | Bright ideas. (n.d.). Bright ideas. Retrieved September 18, 2011, from  Copy Quiz | Teaching Copyright. (n.d.). Welcome | Teaching Copyright. Retrieved September 17, 2011, from  Creative Commons. (n.d.). Creative Commons. Retrieved September 18, 2011, from logo.jpghttp://creativecommons.org/images/deed/cc- logo.jpg  Easy Bib. (n.d.). Easy Bib. Retrieved September 18, 2011, from  Google Images. (n.d.). Google. Retrieved September 14, 2011, from w.copyrightauthority.com/copyright-symbol/&docid=yRQE-rMhAd9-EM&w=220&h=220&ei=mvRwTvu3JMPjsQL- 1qjPCQ&zoom=1&biw=1440&bih=719&iact=rc&dur=62&p  How to Cite Sources: APA Style. (n.d.). Nova Southeastern University (NSU) a Private, Research University. Retrieved September 18, 2011, from  How to Cite Using MLA. (n.d.). Welcome to the School of Biological Sciences - Illinois State University. Retrieved September 18, 2011, from  ITINERIS2008. (n.d.). A Shared Culture - YouTube. YouTube - Broadcast Yourself.. Retrieved September 18, 2011, from

Bibliography Continued..  Lever-Duffy, J., & McDonald, J. (2011). 13. Teaching and Learning with Technology (Fourth ed., pp ). Boston: Pearson Education.  U.S. Copyright Office - Information Circular. (n.d.). U.S. Copyright Office. Retrieved September 18, 2011, from  What are the seven broad categories copyright laws cover. (n.d.). The Q&A wiki. Retrieved September 18, 2011, from  What is Ceatice Commons. (n.d.). Creative Commons. Retrieved September 18, 2011, from wiki.creativecommons.org/images/3/35/Creativecommons-what-is-creative-commons_eng.pdf  What is copyright and Why do we need it. (n.d.). Australian Recording Industry Association. Retrieved September 18, 2011, from  Writers Inc. (n.d.). hmEducation. Retrieved September 18, 2011, from inc.jpg employees, y., & that, b. r. (n.d.). inc.jpg  What does copyright cover? | Business Link. Business support, information and advice | Business Link. Retrieved September 18, 2011, from willmed. (n.d.).  Creative Commons - Wanna Work Together? - YouTube. YouTube - Broadcast Yourself.. Retrieved September 18, 2011, from  Crossword puzzle maker. (n.d.). ArmoredPenguin.com - Create puzzles and other diversions. Retrieved September 18, 2011, from  Nenych, L. A. (2011). Managing The Legal Risks Of High-Tech Classrooms. Contemporary Issues in Education Research, 4(3), 1-7. Retrieved from EBSCOhost.  Heffernan, N., & Wang, S. (2008). Copyright and multimedia classroom material: a study from Japan. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 21(2), doi: /  Talab, R. S., & Butler, R. P. (2007). Shared electronic spaces in the classroom: Copyright, privacy, and guidelines. TechTrends: Linking Research & Practice to Improve Learning, 51(1), doi: /s