THE SOCIAL IMPACTS OF TOURISM ON LOCAL COMMUNITY’S QUALITY OF LIFE Ivana Pavlić, Ana Portolan & Barbara Puh University of Dubrovnik, Department of Economics and Business Economics

ToSEE - Tourism in South East Europe 3rd International Scientific Conference Sustainable Tourism, Economic Development and Quality of Life University of Rijeka, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management Opatija INTRODUCTION o An understanding of local residents’ attitudes and impacts of tourism on their quality of life is essential in achieving a local community’s support for further development. o Local residents’ support for tourism development is affected by the perceived economic, social, cultural and environmental impacts of tourism.

ToSEE - Tourism in South East Europe 3rd International Scientific Conference Sustainable Tourism, Economic Development and Quality of Life University of Rijeka, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management Opatija PURPOSE o To develop a model of residents’ attitudes o Examining perception of social impacts of tourism o Research the path relationships between: perception of personal benefits from tourism development community involvement positive and negative social impacts of tourism quality of life and support for further tourism development.

ToSEE - Tourism in South East Europe 3rd International Scientific Conference Sustainable Tourism, Economic Development and Quality of Life University of Rijeka, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management Opatija LITERATURE REVIEW o Since 1970s many different studies have analyzed residents’ attitudes and perceptions toward tourism development. o Pioneers in this area began investigating positive economic impacts of tourism and eventually, the attention was drawn on investigating local residents’ attitudes on various impacts of tourism. o In the 1980s scholars began with attitude analysis, but still insufficiently. In this period of residents’ attitudes research the focus was on economic and social positive and negative impacts of tourism through the application of factor analysis with inadequate reliability and validity of the measures applied.

ToSEE - Tourism in South East Europe 3rd International Scientific Conference Sustainable Tourism, Economic Development and Quality of Life University of Rijeka, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management Opatija LITERATURE REVIEW o In the 1990s the interest for this area of tourism research increased but with significant difference in approach to identify the problem and methodology applied. o In the 21st century the researchers are focused on evaluation of the residents’ attitudes toward impacts of tourism on sustainable development using new approaches.

ToSEE - Tourism in South East Europe 3rd International Scientific Conference Sustainable Tourism, Economic Development and Quality of Life University of Rijeka, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management Opatija SAMPLE AND DATA COLLECTION o Empirical research was carried out using a sample survey taken from 400 convenience-chosen local residents in Dubrovnik. o The research was carried out from May the 1st to October the 1st, o In total, 286 questionnaires were administered personally to the respondents. o A high structured questionnaire, that included all constructs of the proposed model to test the below mentioned hypotheses, was used.

ToSEE - Tourism in South East Europe 3rd International Scientific Conference Sustainable Tourism, Economic Development and Quality of Life University of Rijeka, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management Opatija METHODOLOGY o A variety of analytical tools were applied in the analysis, including confirmatory factor analysis and path analysis which considers jointly all hypotheses put forward. o This method was used due to the fact that relationships of manifest variable with factors have not been well-established in research. o There are two stages in the data analysis.

ToSEE - Tourism in South East Europe 3rd International Scientific Conference Sustainable Tourism, Economic Development and Quality of Life University of Rijeka, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management Opatija METHODOLOGY o The confirmatory factor analyses used to determine the suitability of the variables using the component method with varimax rotation. o Path analysis was applied in order to find out which variables have the greatest influence on the local resident support for the tourism development. o All statistical analyses were processed with the statistical package SPSS version 20.0 and AMOS.

ToSEE - Tourism in South East Europe 3rd International Scientific Conference Sustainable Tourism, Economic Development and Quality of Life University of Rijeka, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management Opatija RESULTS

ToSEE - Tourism in South East Europe 3rd International Scientific Conference Sustainable Tourism, Economic Development and Quality of Life University of Rijeka, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management Opatija Model of path analysis of local residents’ attitudes in Dubrovnik

ToSEE - Tourism in South East Europe 3rd International Scientific Conference Sustainable Tourism, Economic Development and Quality of Life University of Rijeka, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management Opatija CONCLUSION o Residents who have personal benefits from tourism development and participate in solving problems caused by tourism are more likely to perceive positive social impacts towards tourism development. o Residents who have personal benefits from tourism development tend to perceive good quality of life and support further tourism development. o Residents involved in tourism planning and solving problems arising from tourism are more likely to support further tourism development.

ToSEE - Tourism in South East Europe 3rd International Scientific Conference Sustainable Tourism, Economic Development and Quality of Life University of Rijeka, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management Opatija CONCLUSION o Both positive and negative social impacts of tourism cause attitudes towards quality of life but effects from positive social impacts are much higher. o Residents who have better quality of life will more likely support further tourism development. o Residents will perceive better quality of life and will support further tourism development if they believe they will have more benefits from tourism and will participate more in tourism planning and solving problems caused by tourism.

ToSEE - Tourism in South East Europe 3rd International Scientific Conference Sustainable Tourism, Economic Development and Quality of Life University of Rijeka, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management Opatija Research limitations and recommendations o This research was focused only on high season. o Further research should investigate residents’ attitudes in low season and off season. o There is a probability of higher perceived negative impacts of tourism in high season compared to low season. o There are some possible methodological issues toward "personal benefits from tourism development". o This variable should also imply economic items.

ToSEE - Tourism in South East Europe 3rd International Scientific Conference Sustainable Tourism, Economic Development and Quality of Life University of Rijeka, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management Opatija Research limitations and recommendations o The paper takes into consideration residents who live in the city of Dubrovnik without comparing territorial distance from the Old City where the main events take place. o The suggestion for the further research is to determine the impact of tourism on quality of life and support for tourism development with an emphasis on the distance between the place of living and Old City of Dubrovnik. o Since this study has used convenience sample, the results can be considered only indicative and they represent the basis for further research.

Thank you for your attention! Ivana Pavlić: Ana Portolan: Barbara Puh: University of Dubrovnik, Department of Economics and Business economics