Sukiennik, Bendat, and Raufman. The Career Fitness Program, 10/e © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Examining the World of Work: Broaden Your Outlook “The illiterate of the 21 st century will not only be those who cannot read or write, but those who cannot learn, unlearn, and relearn.” —Alvin Toffler Chapter 6

Sukiennik, Bendat, and Raufman. The Career Fitness Program, 10/e © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Student Learning Outcomes Identify personal beliefs and assumptions that will affect your career. Recognize how social and cultural conditioning influences your career choice. Identify trends that will affect your career planning through the next decade. List changes in the workplace. Recognize the skills that employers expect in new employees. Learn the value of a Liberal Arts degree.

Sukiennik, Bendat, and Raufman. The Career Fitness Program, 10/e © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Societal Factors Influencing Career Choice Your background Your family Your peers How you feel about yourself

Sukiennik, Bendat, and Raufman. The Career Fitness Program, 10/e © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Changing Gender Roles More women are becoming breadwinners. Female roles are expanding. More men are assuming child-rearing roles and nontraditional careers. Societal changes have moved us away from traditional roles and toward gender equity.

Sukiennik, Bendat, and Raufman. The Career Fitness Program, 10/e © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Equity Vocabulary Affirmative Action Ageism, Sexism Barriers Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Discrimination Gender: bias, roles, stereotypes, fair Nontraditional jobs

Sukiennik, Bendat, and Raufman. The Career Fitness Program, 10/e © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Nontraditional Occupations A field or an occupation that typically employs 75% or more of the opposite gender. Non traditional occupations for women are occupations in which women comprise 25% or less of employment.

Sukiennik, Bendat, and Raufman. The Career Fitness Program, 10/e © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Age and Opportunity People are living longer and healthier. Fewer people are retiring at age 65. Workers age 55 and older will increase from 15.6% to 23% in 2016 (Bureau of Labor Statistics). Know your assets, whether youth or maturity, and promote them.

Sukiennik, Bendat, and Raufman. The Career Fitness Program, 10/e © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Affirmative Action and Diversity Affirmative Action advocates for policies and programs that increase opportunities for women, minorities, and underrepresented groups. Today’s workforce is more culturally and ethically diverse. Companies must embrace diversity to remain competitive.

Sukiennik, Bendat, and Raufman. The Career Fitness Program, 10/e © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Prohibits discrimination on the basis of a disability and calls for an elimination of barriers – anything that prevents a person or group equal access to goods, services, and facilities. Society will benefit from including all citizens and their many different talents.

Sukiennik, Bendat, and Raufman. The Career Fitness Program, 10/e © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. The Changing Workplace Economy changing from manufacturing-based to service-based and information-based. More offshoring and outsourcing of jobs. Globalization affecting changes in work shifts due to time differences with co-workers in other countries. Increase in online sales globally.

Sukiennik, Bendat, and Raufman. The Career Fitness Program, 10/e © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. The Changing Workplace Innovation and production by other countries, such as China, is increasing competition. New job titles are being created. Jobs such as “digital librarian” and “supply chain manager” did not exist 20 years ago. Workers may change careers 3 to 5 times during their lifetimes.

Sukiennik, Bendat, and Raufman. The Career Fitness Program, 10/e © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. The Changing Workplace More jobs have flexible schedules. Option to work at home or at workplace. Opportunities in service and information systems as well as transportation. More options for students graduating in engineering, math, and science. More “Green” (environmentally-friendly) careers.

Sukiennik, Bendat, and Raufman. The Career Fitness Program, 10/e © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Need for Knowledge Workers The fastest growing careers by 2018 will be mostly in high-skilled, high-wage professional, managerial, and technical areas. Employees become more valuable as they acquire more skills. Life-long learning is essential.

Sukiennik, Bendat, and Raufman. The Career Fitness Program, 10/e © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Importance of New Technology “Change is happening faster than we can keep tabs on and threatens to shake the foundations of the most secure American business.” —U.S. Congress, Office of Technology

Sukiennik, Bendat, and Raufman. The Career Fitness Program, 10/e © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Cyber & Telecommuters Work from home or virtual offices rather than a company site using technology to stay in touch with co-workers and clients. Working from anywhere is becoming easier as handheld devices become more powerful and less expensive.

Sukiennik, Bendat, and Raufman. The Career Fitness Program, 10/e © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Sukiennik, Bendat, and Raufman. The Career Fitness Program, 10/e © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Characteristics of Successful Companies in the Global Economy Maintain flat management structure that has shifted away from management-directed systems toward team-directed systems. Utilize virtual corporation by distributing design, marketing, and customer service operations across the globe through limited partnerships. Increased workflow of manufacturing systems via technology. Locate manufacturing plants to areas of low labor costs.

Sukiennik, Bendat, and Raufman. The Career Fitness Program, 10/e © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Characteristics of Successful Companies in the Global Economy Purchase product components from outside suppliers (outsourcing). Maintain low numbers of permanent employees using specialized teams of temporary employees. Recruit highly skilled workers worldwide who are knowledgeable about global issues. Constantly evolving and adapting. Pursue e-commerce and customization.

Sukiennik, Bendat, and Raufman. The Career Fitness Program, 10/e © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Surviving in a Global Economy Global competition and multinational corporations will continue to influence the economy. Successful workers need to possess multilingual talents and be aware of cultural customs.

Sukiennik, Bendat, and Raufman. The Career Fitness Program, 10/e © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Small Businesses Employ less than 500 employees. Represent 99.7% of employer firms. 52% are home-based. Created 60 – 80% of new jobs in the past decade. 50% of privately held firms are owned by women.

Sukiennik, Bendat, and Raufman. The Career Fitness Program, 10/e © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 21 st Century Trends Due to slow economy, fewer college graduates secured full time jobs. Over next two decades, more people will be retiring. By 2018, economy will create 46.8 million openings. 63% of these jobs will require some college, 33% will require B.A. or higher. Workers with specialized skills will be in demand.

Sukiennik, Bendat, and Raufman. The Career Fitness Program, 10/e © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. “Change is the law of life, and those who look only to the past or the present are certain to miss the future.” — John F. Kennedy