The Civil War

S.C. Curriculum Standards Compare and contrast the ways of life in the North and South; State the causes and events leading up to the Civil War; Identify the notable figures of the Civil War and the roles they played; Describe the Civil War and its effects on the nation.

The Civil War The Civil War is the only war fought on American soil (land) by Americans. 3 million fought -- many died. It was fought from

Who fought in the war? The Northern and Southern states fought against each other in the war. They were called the Union (northern states/United States Government) and the Confederacy (southern states). On a sheet of paper, list which states were considered the Union and which states were considered the Confederacy.

The Union The following states made up the Union: California, Connecticut,, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Delaware, and Wisconsin.

The Confederacy The following states fought for the Confederacy: Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia.

What are some of the reasons for the war? Different ways of life … the South had an agricultural economy and the North had an economy that depended more on trade. The North welcomed modernization; the south wanted to hold onto the past and did not welcome change.

Reasons for the War Slavery The Compromise of 1850 The Kansas-Nebraska Act The Dred Scott Decision The raid at Harper’s Ferry

Secession Some supporters of secession felt that states had rights and powers that the federal government could not legally deny. South Carolina was the first state to withdraw (secede) from the union in December Click on this site to view the secession ordinance m/uscivilwarhall/southcarolinasecession.com/

Beginnings of War On April 12, 1861, Confederate forces being lead by General Pierre G. T. Beauregard fired on Fort Sumter (Charleston, SC). On April 15, Abraham Lincoln ordered troops to regain the fort. The South viewed Lincoln’s order as a “Declaration of War.”

Civil War Leaders Abraham Lincoln, President (United States) Jefferson Davis, President (Confederate States) Ulysses S. Grant, Northern General Robert E. Lee, Southern General William T. Sherman, Northern General Stonewall Jackson, Southern General Click on this site to study additional Civil War Leaders

Abraham Lincoln President of the United States Commander and chief of the U.S. Armed Forces Freed the slaves with “The Emancipation Proclamation” (January 1, 1863) Delivered the Gettysburg Address

Jefferson Davis President of the Confederate States of America Commander and chief of the Confederate Armed forces

Robert E. Lee Confederate General Surrendered the Confederate forces to Ulysses S. Grant

Ulysses S. Grant Union General Accepted surrender of the Confederate forces

Remembering Civil War Leaders On a piece of paper, write down the names of as many Civil War Leaders as you can remember. List which side (North or South) they fought for. How many did you list?

Major Civil War Battles Fort Sumter First Battle of Bull Run Battle of Antietam Battle of Gettysburg Battle of Shiloh

Surrender April 9, 1865, Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia Robert E. Lee surrenders to Ulysses S. Grant

Terms of Surrender Grant gave generous terms of surrender to the Confederate soldiers. Soldiers received a day’s rations, were released on parole, and were allowed to keep their mules and horses.

Results of the War 620,000 soldiers died from battles or disease during the Civil War. After the war, Northerners and Southerners were resentful toward each other for many years. The war changed the southern way of life. The Civil War ended slavery. The Civil War introduced modern warfare. The Union was preserved!

Bibliography “American Memory.” Library of Congress. Boritt, Gabor S. “Civil War.” The World Book Encyclopedia, 1995 ed. World Book, Inc.: Chicago, “Civil War Leaders.”. “Civilwar.com.”. Library of Congress.