Education Issues Gerrit C. van der Veer

SIGCHI CHI as in HCI (human-computer interaction) on analysis, design, and use … of complex technology (ICT, multimedia) hardware, software, connectedness by people (plural), everywhere, whenever

SIGCHI, the people members world wide, stable since many years still 70% North America, 20 % European 50% Industry, 50% Academia Local SIGs, of which many members are not full members of SIGCHI (several 1000s !) BayCHI, LA-SIGCHI, SIGCHI Italy, SIGCHI.DK,...

Map of Local ACM SIGCHI Chapters

SIGCHI conferences 10+ sponsored conferences each year CHI, IUI, DIS, CSCW, in-cooperation conferences Annual CHI conference ~2500 participants, N.A. / Europe distribution depends on location # students recently growing next CHI in Europe 2013 CHI in S.E. Asia 2015?

Summary (+2010)

SIGCHI on education : Curricula for HCI Tutorials to go HCI Webliography

Curricula for HCI ACM SIGCHI Curricula for Human-Computer Interaction by Hewett, Baecker, Card, Carey, Gasen, Mantei, Perlman, Strong and Verplank Copyright © 1992,1996 ACM SIGCHIACM SIGCHI

Tutorials to go Tutorials Available Based on CHI 2002 Tutorial Presentations Based on CHI 2001 Tutorial Presentations Based on CHI 2000 Tutorial Presentations

HCI Webliography HCI BibliographyHCI Bibliography : HCI Webliography : Education in HCIHCI Webliography Page updated: Accesses since : 253,107 Hosted by ACM SIGCHI 1 st choice: ACM SIGCHI Curricula for Human-Computer Interaction

ACM SIGCHI Curricula Still used worldwide, e.g.,: Europe national assessment of education new european educational model China IFIP TC 13, WG 13.1: Education in HCI and HCI Curriculum

The domain of SIGCHI A moving domain (a “science”?) New applications –embedded computing; –mobile computing; –home/leisure/services New technologies New disciplines –technology –human sciences –arts and crafts

personal: I have been teaching “HCI” all my life, recently :

analysis and design for use, in general human beings are unique in: 1.using artifacts, &: 2.building these artifacts, &: 3.designing these artifacts where “artifacts” can be physical, or conceptual: laws, social and political structures, norms, languages

design for use in various cultures, and various eras use, building, and design are combined or split between people where “culture” can be identified: regionally, or professionally, or religion-, or age-dependent, or...

in “simple” worlds in small and closed communities, guilds, the hunter develops his own tools,

in “simple” worlds in small and closed communities, guilds, the hunter develops his own tools, the musician invents her own instrument,

in “simple” worlds in small and closed communities, guilds, the hunter develops his own tools the musician invents her own instrument and villagers make their own playground

in “our” worlds in “modern, industrial, urban, western, types of civilizations: there is often a split between use of artifacts and the making of, and a split between building and designing

HCI design – repeat of history till 1980 – systems for experts (mathematicians) design with user participation

till 1980 – systems for experts (mathematicians) design with user participation the 80s – office systems & PCs for professionals design for the job of the user HCI design – repeat of history

till 1980 – systems for experts (mathematicians) design with user participation the 80s – office systems & PCs for professionals design for the job of the user the 90s – ICT available, and used, everywhere (web) contextual design, distributed cognition, HCI design – repeat of history

till 1980 – systems for experts (mathematicians) design with user participation the 80s – office systems & PCs for professionals design for the job of the user the 90s – ICT available, and used, everywhere (web) contextual design, distributed cognition the 21 st century (so far) HCI design – repeat of history

computers & people – something changed in our culture from... experts – developing their own tools “command languages and operating systems, no user interface please” to... reactive / proactive / and intelligent environment for everybody – part of the situation, culture, and organization “I do not care what's inside, if it serves my purpose”

Apple’s “wearable juke-box” September 9, 2009, over 220,000,000 sold

computers & people – something changed in our culture from... experts – developing their own tools “no user interface please” to... reactive and intelligent environment for everybody – part of the situation, culture, and organization “I do not care what's inside, if it serves my purpose”: useful (for my purpose) usable (fit to my possibilities) safe (acceptable risk) motivating (convincing / fun / warning / unpredictable)

separation of use, building, and design brings the issue of usability functionality ease of use learnability intended and lived experience

new solutions require new disciplines Computer science & Psychology & Ergonomics  HCI, formal specifications, tools, patterns we seemed to understand each other

new solutions require new disciplines Computer science & Psychology & Ergonomics  HCI, formal specifications, tools, patterns Ethnography, Anthropology, Sociology  we are multidisciplinary now. can you still count yourself in? CSCW, Contextual design, design of collaboration and organization

new solutions require new disciplines Computer science & Psychology & Ergonomics  HCI, formal specifications, tools, patterns Ethnography, Anthropology, Sociology  CSCW, Contextual design, design of collaboration and organization Theater, Graphic design, Cinematography, Industrial design, Multimedia design  poor academics need to go to creative and experience design: arts and crafts

industrial practice was there before academia: multidisciplinary design teams Apple Advanced Technologies Microsoft Philips Design Xerox PARC IBM Science Centers So who should feel responsible for useful, usable, experience-focused interaction design?

an ever changing world new technologies cultures merge cultures arise people move

Designed to free users from their social network lives on Facebook, Twitter, MySpace and LinkedIn. You just pick one of the networks, start up the machine, and it graphically shows you unfriending your contacts, one by one, and eliminating all your other contacts with your profile. Forever.

www - the ultimate melting pot Aaron Marcus & Emilie West Gould (2000) Cultural dimensions and global Web user- interface design Interactions 7 (4), p 32-46

the web is only part of the story though my newest gadget supposed use:

in other cultures...

cultural dimensions

cultural backgrounds of HCI

“let there be HCI” co-creation of co-evolution? CHI (82) ECCE (82) INTERACT (84)

North America – the quick world Douglas Englebart 1970

Xerox Alto (1970s)→ Xerox Star (1981) North America – the quick world

Douglas Englebart 1970 Xerox Alto (1970s)→ Xerox Star (1981) first Apple II 1977 →Mac 1984 North America – the quick world

Douglas Englebart 1970 Xerox Alto (1970s)→ Xerox Star (1981) first Apple II 1977 →Mac 1984 Jack Carroll, J.M. and Campbell, R.L. (1988). Artifacts as psychological theories: The case of human-computer interaction. North America – the quick world

Europe – the old world Babylon in the 80s : languages, cultures, schools UK German language French Scandinavia

HCI in the UK Early attention to “usability”: ergonomics of computer use (Shackle) User participation (Mumford) Psychology of programming (Green) (formal) knowldege models of task-based design

German language area architecture of user interfaces (Pfaff) partner models (Oberquelle) software ergonomics (GI) Psychology and Computer science (Tauber)

French developments Scientists in industry proces ergonomics (Hoc) task analyse (Sebillotte) Programming as a process

Scandinavian school participatory design (Suchman, 1988) activity theory (Bannon & Bødker, 1991) interdisciplinary academic projects

elsewhere in Europe... Italy: artificial intlligence and industrial reality Dutch Treat: borrow from your neighbours “former” eastern Europa: the power of theory

currently in the western world … we all travel to each other, and teach, and learn

a challenge for teachers and students who, themselves, step in from moving grounds, any new generation of students is a surprise

conclusions, challenges for SIGCHI we should learn with/from our students cultural differences and changes; the new challenge ACM SIGCHI needs to develop new curriculum guidelines ACM SIGCHI still not enough international ACM SIGCHI should pay more attention to different design disciplines and their cultures And, in fact, we are re-erecting our Educational focus