Lab 0A Finding Data and Downloading it in Excel and SPSS

SDA

Go to the SDA for GSS

Delimited by a comma

Save the csv file,then open it in excel

To make pivot tables easy to make search for variables you want and then cut and paste to move them to the front

To avoid this warning, delete the blank columns- you cant do a pivot table on a column with no variable name at the top

Once they are close, it will be easier to find them for pivot tables

The variables you need close together include:

End

Score on vocab quiz is continuous So is number of years of education

Continuous Data Before Cleaning

But need to remove the -1 and the bc it is does not apply and 99 bc it is did not try

WORDSUM NUMBER WORDS CORRECT IN VOCABULARY TEST 1612k. Total number of correct words. VALUE LABEL -1 IAP 99 DID NOT TRY Data type: numeric Missing-data codes: -1,98,99 Record/columns: 1/

Continuous Data- Cleaned

Now make Independent Variable ordinal

Add wordsum as a filter and remove -1 and 99

Here we have regrouped school to be ordinal and left wordsum as continuous

If we hadn’t removed the -1 and 99 and blank it would look weird like this below:

Finally, Make the independent variable binary.

Compare College vs Not

Now use the version where independent is binary/nominal and dependent is continuous to do a comparison of means test

Now let’s make the dependent variable (wordsum) nominal/ binary

Remove -1 bc it is does not apply and 99 bc it is did not try

Re Group into 2 groups – then remove old categories

Make it Count, not average

Percent of Row Total

Right click on it, insert chart

Copy and paste jus one column make a new chart - Now that it is cleaned we see the pattern

For Regression

First make a scatterplot – to do this we need to use the filter and filter out 98 and 99, remove the 99’s for wordsum too

Then highlight these 2 columns and click on insert scatterplot

Pick the f of x option

Fix axis labels

Once you have a regression line with a control variable along with iv and dv- use this video to plot it O0

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Key Elements This page describes the elements or criteria that you must typically address in a research paper. The assumption here is that you are addressing a causal hypothesis in your paper. I. Introduction 1.Statement of the problem: The general problem area is stated clearly and unambiguously. The importance and significance of the problem area is discussed. 2.Statement of causal relationship: The cause-effect relationship to be studied is stated clearly and is sensibly related to the problem area. 3.Statement of constructs: Each key construct in the research/evaluation project is explained (minimally, both the cause and effect). The explanations are readily understandable (i.e., jargon-free) to an intelligent reader. 4.Literature citations and review: The literature cited is from reputable and appropriate sources (e.g., professional journals, books and not Time, Newsweek, etc.) and you have a minimum of five references. The literature is condensed in an intelligent fashion with only the most relevant information included. Citations are in the correct format (see APA format sheets). 5.Statement of hypothesis: The hypothesis (or hypotheses) is clearly stated and is specific about what is predicted. The relationship of the hypothesis to both the problem statement and literature review is readily understood from reading the text. II. Methods Sample section: 1.Sampling procedure specifications: The procedure for selecting units (e.g., subjects, records) for the study is described and is appropriate. The author state which sampling method is used and why. The population and sampling frame are described. In an evaluation, the program participants are frequently self-selected (i.e., volunteers) and, if so, should be described as such. 2.Sample description: The sample is described accurately and is appropriate. Problems in contacting and measuring the sample are anticipated. 3.External validity considerations: Generalizability from the sample to the sampling frame and population is considered. Measurement section: 1.Measures: Each outcome measurement construct is described briefly (a minimum of two outcome constructs is required). For each construct, the measure or measures are described briefly and an appropriate citation and reference is included (unless you created the measure). You describe briefly the measure you constructed and provide the entire measure in an Appendix. The measures which are used are relevant to the hypotheses of the study and are included in those hypotheses. Wherever possible, multiple measures of the same construct are used. 2.Construction of measures: For questionnaires, tests and interviews: questions are clearly worded, specific, appropriate for the population, and follow in a logical fashion. The standards for good questions are followed. For archival data: original data collection procedures are adequately described and indices (i.e., combinations of individual measures) are constructed correctly. For scales, you must describe briefly which scaling procedure you used and how you implemented it. For qualitative measures, the procedures for collecting the measures are described in detail. 3.Reliability and validity: You must address both the reliability and validity of all of your measures. For reliability, you must specify what estimation procedure(s) you used. For validity, you must explain how you assessed construct validity. Wherever possible, you should minimally address both convergent and discriminant validity. The procedures which are used to examine reliability and validity are appropriate for the measures. Design and Procedures section: 1.Design: The design is clearly presented in both notational and text form. The design is appropriate for the problem and addresses the hypothesis. 2.Internal validity: Threats to internal validity and how they are addressed by the design are discussed. Any threats to internal validity which are not well controlled are also considered. 3.Description of procedures: An overview of how the study will be conducted is included. The sequence of events is described and is appropriate to the design. Sufficient information is included so that the essential features of the study could be replicated by a reader. III. Results 1.Statement of Results: The results are stated concisely and are plausible for the research described. 2.Tables: The table(s) is correctly formatted and accurately and concisely presents part of the analysis. 3.Figures: The figure(s) is clearly designed and accurately describes a relevant aspect of the results. IV. Conclusions, Abstract and Reference Sections 1.Implications of the study: Assuming the expected results are obtained, the implications of these results are discussed. The author mentions briefly any remaining problems which are anticipated in the study. 2.Abstract: The Abstract is 125 words or less and presents a concise picture of the proposed research. Major constructs and hypotheses are included. The Abstract is the first section of the paper. See the format sheet for more details. 3.References: All citations are included in the correct format and are appropriate for the study described. Stylistic Elements I. Professional Writing First person and sex-stereotyped forms are avoided. Material is presented in an unbiased and unemotional (e.g., no "feelings" about things), but not necessarily uninteresting, fashion. II. Parallel Construction Tense is kept parallel within and between sentences (as appropriate). III. Sentence Structure Sentence structure and punctuation are correct. Incomplete and run-on sentences are avoided. IV. Spelling and Word Usage Spelling and use of words are appropriate. Words are capitalized and abbreviated correctly. V. General Style. The document is neatly produced and reads well. The format for the document has been correctly followed. searchmethods.net/ kb/guideelements.p hp

Potential Topics from Adler and Clark The Uses of Social Research. 2. Theory and Research. 3. Ethics and Social Research. 4. Planning a Research Project. 5. Sampling. 6. Measurement. 7. Cross-Sectional, Longitudinal, and Case Study Designs. 8. Experimental Research. 9. Questionnaires and Structured Interviews. 10. Qualitative Interviewing. 11. Observational Techniques. 12. Using Available Data. 13. Content Analysis. 14. Applied Social Research. 15. Quantitative and Qualitative Data Analysis.

Maybe present project halfway through and spend rest of time writing up with edits