Confidential

Turnitin Training: James Madison University Jason Chu, Education Director © 2012 iParadigms, LLC All rights reserved. 2

Confidential Agenda 1. What is Turnitin? 2. Guided Walkthrough 3. Supporting Academic Integrity 4. Strategies 5. Student Sources 6. Questions © 2012 iParadigms, LLC All rights reserved.3

Confidential What is Turnitin? What do you know about Turnitin? What are some common misconceptions about Turnitin? © 2012 iParadigms, LLC All rights reserved.4

Confidential Turnitin Misconceptions © 2012 iParadigms, LLC All rights reserved.5 Detects plagiarism Matches are coincidental Matches identified are the exact source

Confidential ORIGINALITY CHECKING

Confidential © 2012 iParadigms, LLC All rights reserved.7 ORIGINALITY CHECKING TECHNOLOGY

Confidential © 2012 iParadigms, LLC All rights reserved.8 Technical Challenges Needle in a Haystack For a single paper, check ~100 fragments against: A specially indexed copy of the Internet 300M+ student papers 130M+ books, journals, magazines and newspapers Signal vs. Noise In parallel, check for fuzzy matches, synonyms, word substitutions, paraphrasing and translated plagiarism Deliver close to zero false-positives Big Data, Fast Do this for up to 300,000+ papers a day Return results in under a minute HOW OUR TECHNOLOGY WORKS The benefits: Fast and authoritative: Quick, accurate reports from the world’s largest comparison database Simple-to-use: Instructor learning curve is very fast because of our intuitive design

Confidential © 2012 iParadigms, LLC All rights reserved.9 ORIGINALITYCHECK Identifies matched content by comparing papers against: 35 billion current & archived web pages 300 million student papers 130 million academic articles

Confidential © 2012 iParadigms, LLC All rights reserved.10 ORIGINALITYCHECK Insight into students sources View sources matched in student paper Compare original source material to student’s written work Source Preview View additional sources Side-by-Side Comparison Link to Original Source Exclude quotes and bibliography

Confidential © 2012 iParadigms, LLC All rights reserved.11 TURNITIN CANVAS

Confidential Learning Tools Interoperability (LTI) Turnitin Tool supports: OriginalityCheck GradeMark PeerMark Tool will also pass grades for Turnitin assignments to the Canvas gradebook © 2012 iParadigms, LLC All rights reserved.12

Confidential EFFECTIVENESS

Confidential Evidence of Effectiveness - U.S. Customers Higher Education: 48% Decrease in Unoriginal Content* *33,860,285 submissions from 917 higher education accounts over 7 years. 4-Year Institutions: 41% Decrease in Unoriginal Content* *25,913,970 submissions from Year Institution accounts over 7 years. 2-Year Institutions: 63% Decrease in Unoriginal Content* *7,946,315 submissions from Year Institution accounts over 7 years. Secondary Schools: 35% Decrease in Unoriginal Content* *35,572,378 submissions from 2,862 Secondary School accounts over 7 years.

Confidential ACADEMIC INTEGRITY

Confidential 16 James Madison University Academic Honesty Statement “Making references to the work of others strengthens your own work by granting you greater authority and by showing that you are part of a discussion located within an intellectual community. When you make references to the ideas of others, it is essential to provide proper attribution and citation. Failing to do so is considered academically dishonest, as is copying or paraphrasing someone else’s work. The consequences of such behavior will lead to consequences ranging from failure on an assignment to failure in the course to dismissal from the university. Because the disciplines of the Humanities value collaborative work, you will be encouraged to share ideas and to include the ideas of others in our papers. Please ask if you are in doubt about the use of a citation. Honest mistakes can always be corrected or prevented. The JMU Honor Code is available from the Honor Council Web site: *

Confidential 17 James Madison University Turnitin and Honor Code “In support of James Madison University’s Honor Code, Turnitin will be used to review the papers that you submit in this course. Turnitin does not determine whether plagiarism has taken place or not. Turnitin will also not be used as a punitive tool or measure. The professor and teaching assistants in this class will use the reports that Turnitin generates as a basis for the thorough evaluation of the authenticity and originality of your work and the work of your classmates.” Additional copy to include:

Confidential STRATEGIES

Confidential Originality Reports: Effective Use Turnitin identifies “matched content” Instructors determine whether matches constitute plagiarism Color coding of percentage scores do NOT signify plagiarism Exclude quoted material and bibliography to refine results

Confidential Assignment Preparation and Setup Peer review theses Assign annotated bibliographies Use multiple paper drafts to provide students with the opportunity to develop their writing over the span of an assignment

Confidential STUDENT SOURCES

Confidential How do students research in the digital age? © 2012 iParadigms, LLC All rights reserved.22 “The internet has changed the very meaning of research”* Students value immediacy over quality in online research Over reliance on the “wisdom of the crowd” *Pew Internet and American Life Project, How Teens Do Research in the Digital World, 2012

Confidential About this study © 2012 iParadigms, LLC All rights reserved.23 Time frame: July 2011 to June million papers submitted to Turnitin in the U.S.  Secondary Education: 9,931,758 papers  Higher Education: 28,404,572 papers 156 million content matches

Confidential Turnitin Content Database © 2012 iParadigms, LLC All rights reserved billion pages of indexed web content 300 million student papers plus 300,000 new papers daily 130 million articles from periodicals, journals, and other content databases

Confidential Matched Content Categories © 2012 iParadigms, LLC All rights reserved.25 CategoryDefinition Social Networking & Content SharingSites that rely on user-generated content rather than professionally-published content. Homework & AcademicAcademic, educational and homework help sites that offer a range of content to educate students. News & PortalsThis category consists of professionally- published content. Paper Mills & Cheat SitesSites that promote the sale or sharing of written work. EncyclopediasReference and summary sites ShoppingSites that offer reviews and sell products.

Confidential Secondary & Higher Education (July 2011 – Jun 2012) © 2012 iParadigms, LLC All rights reserved.26 Category Secondary Ed Matches Higher Ed Matches Homework & Academic33% Social Networking & Content Sharing 28% 23% Paper Mills & Cheat Sites18% 19% Encyclopedias11% 14% News & Portals6% 10% Shopping 4% 1% Total 100%100%

Confidential Top 10 Sources: Secondary Ed © 2012 iParadigms, LLC All rights reserved.27 Top Sites Number of Matches %Category Rank in wikipedia.org3,801,0228%Encyclopedias1 answers.yahoo.com2,929,0417%Social2 enotes.com1,440,1293%Homework4 answers.com1,248,7103%Social3 oppapers.com1,245,0973%Paper Mills7 scribd.com1,144,1113%Social6 slideshare.net953,6192%Social5 essaymania.com932,7092%Paper Mills8 shmoop.com880,6352%Homework11 medlibrary.org846,1652%Homework12

Confidential Top 10 Sources: Higher Ed © 2012 iParadigms, LLC All rights reserved.28 Top Sites Number of Matches %Category Rank in wikipedia.org12,164,09111%Encyclopedias1 oppapers.com4,492,2834%Paper Mills5 slideshare.net4,051,0184%Social3 coursehero.com3,966,9394%Homework6 scribd.com3,461,8093%Social7 answers.yahoo.com3,188,5273%Social2 answers.com3,186,9593%Social4 medlibrary.org3,123,9043%Homework8 bignerds.com2,633,2482%Paper Mills16 papercamp.com2,454,0942%Paper Mills14

Confidential Findings Students struggle to recognize bias in sources Students are not always in evaluating sources for quality and appropriateness Research is synonymous with “search” © 2012 iParadigms, LLC All rights reserved.29

Confidential SOURCE EDUCATIONAL EVALUATION RUBRIC (SEER)

Confidential Source Educational Evaluation Rubric (SEER) © 2012 iParadigms, LLC All rights reserved.31

Confidential SEER Criteria Authority: Is the site well regarded, cited, and written by experts in the field? Educational Value: Does the site content help advance educational goals? Intent: Is the site a well-respected source of content intended to inform users? Originality: Is the site a source of original content and viewpoints? Quality: Is the site highly vetted with good coverage of the topical area? © 2012 iParadigms, LLC All rights reserved.32

Confidential SEER Scoring 4.0 – 3.0:“highly credible, quality sources” 3.0 – 2.0:“credible sources” 2.0 – 1.0:“questionable sources” 1.0 – 0.0:“unacceptable or inappropriate sources” © 2012 iParadigms, LLC All rights reserved.33

Confidential Discreditable Source © 2012 iParadigms, LLC All rights reserved.34

Confidential Wikipedia’s SEER Score © 2012 iParadigms, LLC All rights reserved.35 Secondary Ed Panelists2.55 / 4.0 Higher Ed Panelists1.07 / 4.0

Confidential SEER Average Ratings by Category © 2012 iParadigms, LLC All rights reserved.36 CategoryAverage Rating Social Networking & Content Sharing1.59 / 4.0 Homework & Academic2.40 / 4.0 News & Portals2.05 / 4.0 Paper Mills & Cheat Sites0.59 / 4.0 Encyclopedias2.02 / 4.0 Shopping1.65 / 4.0 Average Across Categories1.79 / 4.0

Confidential Implications Assessment not assumptions Textual literacy skills Hands-on practice © 2012 iParadigms, LLC All rights reserved.37

Confidential Resources © 2012 iParadigms, LLC All rights reserved.38 SEER Interactive Rubric SEER White Paper Ratings for Top Student Sources e/all.php#.UaZ1NiuG1Z8

Confidential ADDITIONAL RESOURCES

Confidential 40 Additional Resources Tutorial Videos White papers and Webcasts Help Center

Confidential THANK YOU Jason Chu Education Director © 2012 iParadigms, LLC All rights reserved. 41