Skeletal Lesson 2 How much did you learn last week? Different types and examples of Joints The effect of exercise on the skeletal system

Starter Test  Name the 3 Main Functions of the skeleton? Give examples.  Name the 5 different types of movement and give a description

Task 1- independent research  Read the text on joints, highlighting key words to complete the table. Type of JointExample on Body Movement Possible

The effects of exercise on the bones: Positives  Increase in Bone Density (heavier and stronger)  Ligaments (which attach bone to bone) and tendons (which attach bone to muscle) become thicker and stronger. This increases joint flexibility and allows more power in movement. Negatives :  Too much exercise on hard ground can cause stress factures  Young people should be careful not to do too much of activities such as weight lifting or cross country as it can cause bones (which are still growing) to develop unevenly.

The effects of exercise on the body: Positives:  Negatives: 

The importance of weight- bearing exercise As we age, our bone strength and density are gradually reduced. If bones weaken too much, they could be at risk of breaking easily. This is called Osteoporosis.  Exercise strengthens bones and prevents osteoporosis. Weight bearing exercise : walking, running, tennis, weight lifting, basketball, etc None weight bearing exercise : swimming & cycling

The effects of exercise on the body:  Osteoporosis :  Weight-Bearing Exercises (prevent osteoporosis):  None Weight Bearing Exercises :

The effects of Diet on the skeletal system t8  CALCIUM !!!!! – helps bones grow and increases density Sources: milk, cheese, yoghurt  Vitamin D – bone growth, healthy bones and absorption of calcium Source: sunlight  Smoking and too much alcohol have a toxic effect on bones by making them more brittle

The Effect of diet on the skeletal system:  Calcium:  Vitamin D:  Alcohol & Smoking:

Starter  When a bone at a joint is forced out of its normal position from a hard blow.  Break only part way across the bone  Overuse injuries usually in weight bearing areas such as lower leg  Overuse injury to the tendons at the elbow joint common in racket sports  A damaged ligament, caused by stretching a joint beyond its normal limit.