COW #3 Notes These notes should be written in your grammar section

Review: Adverbs & Adjectives  My cousin is an only child.  Adjective describing child  The judge’s decision seemed just.  Adjective describing decision  My mom just arrived for a visit.  Adverb describing when she arrived  Glen regretted his past mistakes.  Adjective describing mistakes  She walked past me.  Adverb describing where she walked

Review: Prepositional Phrases  Among the five of us, we had just enough money for a pizza.  We looked into the old house through a crack in the window.  The woman with the tan briefcase is the mayor.  A statue of a figure on horseback is an equestrian statue.  The house down the street has a new pool.

Review: Subject & Predicates  John left the boat and walked up the dock.  The waves crested and broke against the rocks.  The new houses and pool house will be built nearby.

Review: Compound Sentences  We washed the dishes and put them away.  Simple  I studied hard; I passed the test.  Compound

Personal Pronouns  Words used to take the place of a noun  First Person  I, me, my, mine, we, us, our, ours  Second Person  You, your, yours  Third Person  He, him, his, she, her, hers, it, its, they, them, their, theirs

Antecedent  The noun a pronoun takes the place of  The teacher lost her patience.  The boy left his trash on the ground.  Cookies taste good; they make Joe happy.

Reflexive Pronoun  Ends in -self or -selves  Adds information to a sentence by pointing back to a noun or pronoun that appears earlier in the sentence  Usually the sentence will not make sense without it  Ted promised himself to work harder.  The jurors could not agree among themselves.

Intensive Pronoun  Ends in -self or -selves  Adds emphasis to a noun or pronoun in the same sentence  Not needed for the sentence to make sense  The article itself contained no news.  We cooked the whole meal ourselves.

Do not write: Reflexive or Intensive?   Ladies and gentlemen, please help yourselves.   reflexive   Mick and I gave the report ourselves.   intensive   The tourists suddenly found themselves on a strange street.   reflexive   The student amused herself by reading the comics.   reflexive   The wind itself blew the door closed.   intensive   I myself have never used an iPod.   intensive

Action Verbs  A verb that tells what action someone or something is performing.  It may show mental actions as well as visible actions  Visible Actions Dig, play, yell, write Dig, play, yell, write  Mental Actions Wonder, hope, think, believe Wonder, hope, think, believe

Transitive Verb  Action verb that directs action toward someone or something  Usually transmits the action to another noun or pronoun in the sentence  Pat reads her books.  What does she read? books  Angie played basketball.  What does she play? basketball

Intransitive Verb  Action verb that does not direct action to someone or something  Usually there will be no noun after the verb  Tom reads every night.  What does he read? No answer  Danny played well.  What does he play? No answer

Do not write: Transitive or Intransitive  The book begins with Homer, the narrator.  intransitive  The teacher discovered gum under all her desks.  transitive  Students eat donuts.  transitive  They take the children to the zoo.  transitive  Hansel wandered through the forest.  intransitive  Philip studied hard for the test  intransitive

Do not write this:  To make a complete sentence, you must have a_______and a_______.  Subject and predicate  P.E. uniforms are very attractive.  Math is the best subject at school.  Rock and roll is here to stay.

Write this: Independent Clause  A group of words with a subject and predicate  Independent clauses are complete sentences  The cat ran.  Tutorial gives us more time to work.

Do not write this:  Compound means________________.  More than one  Think of a sentence with a compound subject  Jane and Bobby eat chips.  Think of a sentence with a compound predicate  Jane eats chips and drinks soda.

Compound Sentences  A compound sentence is 2 sentences or independent clauses in one sentence  The clauses must be joined by a comma and one of 7 conjunctions  If you don’t use one of the conjunctions, you should use a ;  ; = and

Conjunctions  COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS  For  And  Nor  But  Or  Yet  So

Sample Compound Sentences  Albert likes to play football, and he made the varsity team.  Albert likes to play football.  He made the varsity team.  Sam likes to head-butt people, but he does not say sorry.  Sam likes to head-butt people.  He does not say sorry.  Frogs are slimy, so I never touch them.  Frogs are slimy.  I never touch them.

Join these independent clauses to make a compound sentence:  The crash awoke April.  She jumped out of bed.  The crash awoke April, so she jumped out of bed.  The rain has stopped.  It is still very humid.  The rain has stopped, but it is still very humid.  You must go.  I will stay.  You must go, but I will stay.

COW #3 First name last name Week of 10/27-10/30 assuage/verb Definition: to make less severe or burdensome Concept: a declarative compound sentence with an adverb, transitive verb, and an intensive pronoun, circle the conjunction & transitive verb, and underline all your pronouns and one adverb Sample: The doctor’s prognosis assuaged my fear of never being able to play soccer again, but I myself still took great care in being careful on the field.