COLD WAR IDEOLOGY RHETORIC WORLD DOMINATION TRADEARMS RACE SPACE RACE OLYMPICS CapitalismCommunism Berlin China Korea Cuba Vietnam Guatemala South Africa… Trading blocs followed politics. Capitalist countries traded together. Communists traded together. Nuclear missiles. ICBMs. Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD). Sputnik NASA, JFK’s 1960 inaugural address promises a man on the moon. Intense competition US boycott of Moscow Games USSR boycott Los Angeles games.. Kitchen Debates, Nuclear Arms.

Starting the Cold War Yalta Conference—February 1945 “Big Three” meet to decide what to do with Germany – Included Joseph Stalin, Winston Churchill, and Franklin Roosevelt Decided: – Germany divided into 4 controlled zones – Stalin promised to allow free elections in the Eastern European states Potsdam Conference—July 1945 – Stalin, Truman (FDR died), and Churchill(replaced by Clement Attlee during meeting) – Again discussed division of Germany and free elections in Eastern Europe—Stalin refused

Starting the Cold War Churchill commented: – “A shadow has fallen upon the scenes so lately lightened by the Allied victory… an Iron curtain has descended across the Continent.” Iron curtain became the term to reference Soviet isolation and the difference between communist and democratic Europe

Re-Building Europe MARSHALL PLAN (1948) Plan to re-build economy of Europe Avoid mistakes of Versailles Contain Communism by easing poverty Gave $13 billion to Europe COMECON (1949) Soviets created their own alternative Increased trade with USSR & East Europe

Military Alliances NATO, 1949 Regional Military alliance against Soviet Aggression. Included West Europe, the U.S., and Canada. Germany joined in 1955 and was allowed to rearm. WARSAW PACT German admittance caused Warsaw Pact. Military alliance of Communist countries. – Bulgaria – Czechoslovakia – East Germany – Hungary – Poland – Romania – Soviet Union..

Conflict in Berlin Allied forces joined their zones in 1948 to let Germany become independent Soviet Union kept control of theirs and held the capital “hostage” ◦ Cut all lines of access to East Berlin to let food and supplies into the city—only had enough food for 5 weeks for 2.1 million people Berlin Airlift—227,000 Allied flights to supply the city over 327 days ◦ Included food, medicine, clothes, and Christmas presents

The Korean War After World War II, Korea divided at the 38 th parallel – Soviet Union and China supported the North – United States supported the South After superpowers withdrew their forces, tensions between the two Koreas escalated – June 25, 1950 North Korea invaded South Korea

The Korean War The United Nations also backed the South 16 nations supported South Korea—sent a total of over half a million troops to help with the fighting In spite of their effort, North Korea pushed the allied forces almost off of the peninsula – General Douglas MacArthur implemented a plan that pushed the North back

The Korean War MacArthur’s plan was very successful The united Southern forces pushed the North all the way to China, but Truman refused War ended a few years later in July of 1953 Cost the United States 54,000 lives and $67 billion

6.1—Compare and contrast ideologies, tactics, and policies of the United States and the USSR from 1945 to the Present. How can the Berlin Airlift/Blockade and airlift be used as evidence for the prompt? How can the Korean War be used as evidence for the prompt?

Bibliography -t-672%26fr2%3Dpiv-web%26tab%3Dorganic%26ri%3D4&w=650&h=469&imgurl= concrete-border.jpg&rurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.armybase.us%2F2010%2F09%2Fkoreas-to-hold-military-talks-this- week%2F&size=44.1+KB&name=as+a+South+Korean+soldier+stands+guard%2C+between+at+the+concrete+border+...&p=korean+border&oid=59eef72b641225e9933b0c1c8ba75126&fr2=piv-web&fr=yfp-t- 672&tt=as%2Ba%2BSouth%2BKorean%2Bsoldier%2Bstands%2Bguard%252C%2Bbetween%2Bat%2Bthe%2Bconcrete%2Bborder%2B...&b=0&ni=144&no=4&ts=&tab=organic&sigr=127uii3tp&sigb=136rt12vo&sigi=14n0ckfeq&.crumb=Ru.jn.xD5Xu t-900%26fr2%3Dpiv-web%26tab%3Dorganic%26ri%3D31&w=220&h=165&imgurl=upload.wikimedia.org%2Fwikipedia%2Fcommons%2Fthumb%2F7%2F75%2FDMZ_10.JPG%2F220px- DMZ_10.JPG&rurl=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F38th_parallel_north&size=10.5+KB&name=38th+parallel+north+-+Wikipedia%2C+the+free+encyclopedia&p=38th+parallel&oid=709e1977bf9404a432549ac a&fr2=piv- web&fr=yfp-t-900&tt=38th%2Bparallel%2Bnorth%2B-%2BWikipedia%252C%2Bthe%2Bfree%2Bencyclopedia&b=31&ni=144&no=31&ts=&tab=organic&sigr=11grjqhpn&sigb=1371iubj9&sigi=12dr7njrn&.crumb=Ru.jn.xD5Xu 30%26ei%3Dutf-8%26y%3DSearch%26fr%3Dyfp-t-672%26tab%3Dorganic%26ri%3D2&w=1296&h=1070&imgurl= video.com%2Fdisplayitem.cfm%3Fvid%3D1110&size=206.3+KB&name=Map+-+Korea+38th+Parallel&p=38th+parallel+line&oid=e563284bcecb13fa4bf9709d7b39801b&fr2=&fr=yfp-t-672&tt=Map%2B- %2BKorea%2B38th%2BParallel&b=0&ni=144&no=2&ts=&tab=organic&sigr=11p3e8938&sigb=13mi16bvm&sigi=11lks45k6&.crumb=Ru.jn.xD5Xu -t-672%26fr2%3Dpiv-web%26tab%3Dorganic%26ri%3D3&w=1152&h=1072&imgurl=3.bp.blogspot.com%2F- rzE0TyFiiCc%2FTi2pqJC9kgI%2FAAAAAAAAA_Y%2FVW7tsxxumqk%2Fs1600%2FPanmunjom.jpg&rurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.natemaas.com%2F2011%2F07%2Fwagah-border- crossing.html&size=205.6+KB&name=...+still+plenty+of+unfunny+borders+around+today%2C+like+the+Korean+border&p=korean+border&oid=8eadd01c31acdd ae684bf4&fr2=piv-web&fr=yfp-t- 672&tt=...%2Bstill%2Bplenty%2Bof%2Bunfunny%2Bborders%2Baround%2Btoday%252C%2Blike%2Bthe%2BKorean%2Bborder&b=0&ni=144&no=3&ts=&tab=organic&sigr=11qf2h59v&sigb=136bp4gv8&sigi=12mab2bmu&.crumb=Ru.jn.xD5Xu 30%26ei%3Dutf-8%26y%3DSearch%26fr%3Dyfp-t- 672%26tab%3Dorganic%26ri%3D8&w=597&h=448&imgurl=sa3118.k12.sd.us%2Fevent%2Fparallel.jpg&rurl=http%3A%2F%2Fsa3118.k12.sd.us%2Fevent%2F38th_Parralel.htm&size=33.9+KB&name=38th+Parallel&p=38th+parallel+line&oid= ef52a20d1539c0b9d8ea3&fr2=&fr=yfp-t-672&tt=38th%2BParallel&b=0&ni=144&no=8&ts=&tab=organic&sigr=11ft6i57h&sigb=13mqkmgb6&sigi=113cnk1p1&.crumb=Ru.jn.xD5Xu 4 zones of Germany— r%3Dyfp-t-672%26fr2%3Dpiv-web%26tab%3Dorganic%26ri%3D11&w=706&h=600&imgurl=emajmagazine.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2012%2F08%2F706px-Map-Germany svg_.png&rurl=http%3A%2F%2Femajmagazine.com%2F2012%2F08%2F23%2Feast-or-west-home-is- best%2F&size=112.8+KB&name=East+or+West%3F+Home+is+Best%21+%7C+Emaj+Magazine&p=east+west+germany&oid=763a5b8f680a4f0e9f8d160ca355e000&fr2=piv-web&fr=yfp-t- 672&tt=East%2Bor%2BWest%253F%2BHome%2Bis%2BBest%2521%2B%257C%2BEmaj%2BMagazine&b=0&ni=135&no=11&ts=&tab=organic&sigr=11tfgbo0j&sigb=13bniotad&sigi=12ba67tq0&.crumb=Ru.jn.xD5Xu 4 zones of Berlin— Potsdam— %3Dyfp-t-672%26fr2%3Dpiv-web%26tab%3Dorganic%26ri%3D86&w=250&h=198&imgurl=upload.wikimedia.org%2Fwikipedia%2Fcommons%2Fthumb%2Fa%2Faf%2FPotsdam_conference_ jpg%2F250px-Potsdam_conference_ jpg&rurl=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FOrigins_of_the_Cold_War&size=17.6+KB&name=...+harry+truman+and+joseph+stalin+at+the+potsdam+conference+july+1945&p=potsdam+conference&oid=df55ced54d9d485e85d5827fb73 a6506&fr2=piv-web&fr=yfp-t- 672&tt=...%2Bharry%2Btruman%2Band%2Bjoseph%2Bstalin%2Bat%2Bthe%2Bpotsdam%2Bconference%2Bjuly%2B1945&b=61&ni=144&no=86&ts=&tab=organic&sigr=11knk7pck&sigb=13cnu1bs3&sigi=13jfde898&.crumb=Ru.jn.xD5Xu Berlin airlift— t-672%26fr2%3Dpiv-web%26tab%3Dorganic%26ri%3D4&w=695&h=515&imgurl=thecoldwars.files.wordpress.com%2F2010%2F12%2Fberlin-blockade.jpg&rurl=http%3A%2F%2Fthecoldwars.wordpress.com%2F2010%2F12%2F13%2Fberlin-blockade- and-airlift-june-1948%2F&size=56.9+KB&name=Berlin+Blockade+and+Airlift%2C+June+1948+%C2%AB+thecoldwars&p=berlin+airlift&oid=947ec6a3d81b76b7a f3e01dc7&fr2=piv-web&fr=yfp-t- 672&tt=Berlin%2BBlockade%2Band%2BAirlift%252C%2BJune%2B1948%2B%25C2%25AB%2Bthecoldwars&b=0&ni=144&no=4&ts=&tab=organic&sigr=12ip1g1l6&sigb=137juh3k4&sigi=11repll97&.crumb=Ru.jn.xD5Xu Berlin airlift— 672%26fr2%3Dpiv-web%26tab%3Dorganic%26ri%3D15&w=400&h=238&imgurl= June+24%2C+1948+to+May+12%2C+1949&p=berlin+airlift&oid=001c9b90b7793b4eb61a18f30f565cb9&fr2=piv-web&fr=yfp-t-672&tt=The%2BBerlin%2BAirlift- June%2B24%252C%2B1948%2Bto%2BMay%2B12%252C%2B1949&b=0&ni=144&no=15&ts=&tab=organic&sigr=11fiu0o0a&sigb=138oic0b5&sigi=1185r8mlm&.crumb=Ru.jn.xD5Xu