Cold War Chapter 18 section 4

1949 Soviet Union exploded their first atomic bomb Air-raid During Eisenhower's time Arms race began during Truman's time

H-Bomb Dwight D. Eisenhower John Foster Dulles Hydrogen bomb President John Foster Dulles Vice President Hydrogen bomb 67 times the power of the atomic bomb The force of 1 million tons of TNT U.S vs. Soviet Union Deadly race to see which side could produce the first H-Bomb November 1952 U.S Exploded the first H-Bomb

Dulles Said that the Cold War was a moral crusade against Communism Promised to prevent the spread of communism by using “all it’s force” Nuclear Weapons Against any aggressor nation

Brinkmanship The edge of an all-out-war U.S trimmed its army and navy Expanded their air force Buildup of nuclear weapons

Air Raids School children Fallout shelters Practiced the air raids in school Fallout shelters Were built in people’s backyard

CIA Central Intelligence Agency Carried out covert or secret operations to weaken or overthrow governments unfriendly to the United States Would use spies to gain information abroad

Warsaw Pact Joseph Stalin dies in 1953 Soviet Union recognizes West Germany Concluded peace treaties with Austria and Japan 1955 Soviet Union will form their own military alliance Warsaw Pact Linked the Soviet Union to several Eastern European countries

1955 Soviet Union and the United States set up a meeting Geneva, Switzerland “Open skies” proposal Eisenhower The United States and Soviet Union would allow flights over each other’s territory to guard against surprise nuclear attacks Steps toward peace

Eisenhower Doctrine January 1957 A warning Stated that the United States would defend the Middle East against an attack by any communist country

Hungary Dominated by the Soviet Union Hungarian people rose in revolt Since WWII Hungarian people rose in revolt Wanted a democratic government United States did nothing to help free the people

When Stalin died there was no clear leader to succeed him One man did gain power as time went on Nikita Khrushchev Like Stalin, he believed that communism would take over the world

Khrushchev Thought Communism could triumph peacefully Favored a policy of peaceful coexistence Two superpowers would compete economically and scientifically

Space Race A competition for international prestige Soviets leaped ahead October 1957 Sputnik was launched First artificial satellite Americans first attempt was a huge failure January 1958 launched their first successful satellite

U-2 Incident 1960 First drones Flying over the Soviet Union and collecting pictures showing positions of troops and any movement within the country Francis Gray Powers

Francis Gray Powers U-2 pilot Shot down Tensions emerged Flew the last flight Shot down Tensions emerged U.S had to confess to the drones Sentenced to 10 years in prison