Economic Expansion and Change Chapter 8 Section 4 Economic Expansion and Change
The High Middle Ages 1000-1300 is the period known “The High Middle Ages” Result of new farming technologies
Agricultural Revolution New Technologies The Iron Plow (800) New harnesses allow for horses to be used to plow The Windmill
Agricultural Revolution Expanding Production Feudal Lords__want more production Clear Forests ________ __Drain_____ Swamps Reclaim _Waste_ _Land___ for grazing
3 __3 Field________ System A system of farming which uses 3 different Crops__________ during each year Field 1 would have grain planted in it Field 2 would have peas and beans Field 3 would not have anything planted in it Done to let the _fallow_________ back into the ground in field 3
Why __food________ is important to the population Increase in _food__________ = increase in population From 1000-1300 the population in Europe more then doubled
Revival of _Trade_________ More people create a larger industry____________ for goods Iron, Wool, Spices, silk and furs Traders formed merchant companies and traveled in ____groups_____for protection
Trade fairs Normally near __rivers or where trade routes met________ People flocked from all over to trade goods Also served as a form of _entertainment______________
New Towns Small centers of trade evolved into small_cities_________ Ranged from 10,000 to 100,000 people Italy________and Flanders__________ had the most prosperous textile industries Charters: Written document that set out the rights and privileges of the town______ Merchants paid the lord or king a lot of $ for a charter
Commercial Revolution More People______________ = More $ Merchants need capital___________: money for investments Started a need for banking_______ houses Groups of merchants started pooling their money for large _partnership Underwriters______________ started so people could protect their investments
Social Changes Use of money____________ undermined serfdom Pay in money____________ not in farm animals The middle class arises
The Role of Guilds A guild is an association Merchant guilds ruled life in Europe around the 1300’s Passed laws________, levied __taxes________, and decided where funds went In time artisans came to resent merchant guilds
Guild’s Each guild looked out for its own trades Such as merchants or skilled crafts workers Guilds made rules to ensure the quality of their goods What does the guild remind you of today Company
Becoming a member of a guild Had to work years as an apprentice: trainee Almost never became a guild master or had your won shop
Woman and Guilds Often engaged in the same guilds as her father or husband Woman dominated some trades
City life Protected by city walls Narrow streets and tall houses No garbage collections or sewer systems