THE SKIN HAIR, SCALP & CONSULTATION

THE SKIN EPIDERMIS DERMIS HYPODERMIS

The epidermis This is the skin we see and touch on our bodies; it has several LAYERS constantly growing from the bottom layer moving towards the top layer. The epidermis contains no BLOOD vessels and very few nerves. The surface of the hair and skin is coated in a protective layer of secretions from the SEBACIOUS gland and the SWEAT gland. This coating has a pH of , which is acidic and is therefore referred to as the ACID MANTLE. Fill in the gaps using the words listed in the box below. Words: SWEAT LAYERS MANTLE SEBACIOUS BLOOD ACID

The Dermis Like the cortex of the hair, this is where it all happens. The dermal layer is between 1 and 4 mm in thickness and contains the root of the hair, nerves, blood vessels, muscles and glands. The sebaceous gland Produces a lubricant to the hair and scalp called SEBUM. It helps keep the skin supple and the hair shiny. If this gland produces too much sebum, it will cause the hair to become GREASY. An underactive gland will DRY the hair and scalp out. The sweat gland This is the body COOLING system, producing sweat to cool the body when it OVERHEATS. Fill in the gaps using the words listed in the box below. Words: DRY COOLING GREASY SEBUM OVERHEATS

Fill in the gaps using the words listed in the box below. The Arrector pili muscle This muscle is attached to the HAIR FOLICLE and to the epidermis. Its purpose is to make the hair stand on end when the body is COLD, also creating a goose pimple, and to lie flat when the body is HOT/WARM. Blood supply The blood supply is to the ROOT of the hair. It carries NUTRIENTS to the root for growth and takes away waste. Therefore, good hair growth depends on NUTRITION and good BLOOD circulation. A head massage during shampooing increases BLOOD flow. Hair follicle This is the pocket in the EPIDERMIS that the HAIR SHAFT protrudes from. Hair papilla This is the ROOT of the hair in the dermis. Words: HAIR FOLICLE, ROOT, HAIR SHAFT, HOT/WARM, COLD, NUTRIENTS, BLOOD, BLOOD, NUTRITION, ROOT, EPIDERMIS.

Hair shaft = ___ Dermis = ___ Arrector pili muscle = ___ Sebaceous gland = ___ Epidermis = ___ Follicle = ___ Blood capillaries = ___ Sweat gland = ___ Subcutaneous layer = ___ Nerve endings = ___ Label the diagram using the following words: TASK J

CAN YOU NAME WHAT YOU CAN SEE ? THE SKIN

NAME OF STAGEDESCRIPTIONGROWTH STAGE% SCALP AT STAGE ANAGENTHE PERIOD OF ACTIVE GROWTH 2-7 YEARS80-90% CATAGENTHE CHANGING STAGE 2 WEEKS1% TELOGENTHE RESTING STAGE3-4 MONTHS13% THE GROWTH CYCLE

Read the text under each picture carefully. Fill in the correct words in each space given. The first stage is called ANAGEN ; this is where the hair is actively growing for a length of time between TWO and SEVEN years. The average European hair growth is three years. NINETY to EIGHTY per cent of hairs are in this active stage at one time on the head. Each hair grows on average around ½ INCH or 1.25 mm a month. NEW hair tends to grow quicker than OLD, which could explain uneven growth in very short hair. Words: ½ INCH, OLD, NEW, 1.25 mm, TWO, ANAGEN, SEVEN, EIGHTY, NINETY.

Read the text under each picture carefully. Fill in the correct words in each space given. The next stage is a changing stage called CATOGEN. This is where the old hair comes to the end of its cycle; the bulb breaks down and is detached from the PAPILLA. On average, ONE per cent of hairs on the human head are in this stage at one time. Words: PAPILLA, CATOGEN, ONE.

Read the text under each picture carefully. Fill in the correct words in each space given. The third stage is known as TELOGEN, the resting stage for about THREE TO FOUR months. After this time a new hair starts to grow in the FOLLICLE and if the old hair is still in the FOLLICLE, the new hair pushes it out. Words: FOLLICLE, TELOGEN, THREE TO FOUR, FOLLICLE.

SKIN DISORDERS HAIR, SCALP & CONSULTATION

CAN YOU NAME THEM ? NON-INFECTIOUS SKIN DISORDERS

CAN YOU NAME THEM ? INFECTIOUS SKIN DISORDERS

CAN YOU NAME THEM ? INFESTATIOUS

IN GROUPS OF TWO ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS USE YOUR HANDOUTS AND TEXT BOOK TO HELP TASK 6 (THESE QUESTIONS CAN BE FOUND IN YOU PACK)

TASK 6 Continued 1.What is the difference between an infection and an infestation ? Infestation is a living organism that lives off a host. Infection is from bacteria and can be treated by antibiotics. 2.What is meant by a transmission of a disease ? Passes from one to another. 3.What is the main purpose of salon hygiene ? To avoid cross contamination. 4.What does contra-indications mean ? Something that stops a service. 5.What advice would you give a client suffering from head lice ? Refer to GP – Buy lotion from chemist. 6.What are the main symptoms of tinea capitis ? Red, flaky patches. 7.What are the main symptoms of psoriasis ? Red, flaky patches, crusty edges. 8.List the major differences in the symptoms of alopecia areata and ringworm of the scalp ? Alopecia areata :- Smooth. Ringworm:- Small spikey hair can be seen. 9.What is traction alopecia ? Alopecia caused by hair being pulled tight. 10.Give two possible causes of diffuse alopecia in a female ? Hormonal, stress. 11.Would you go ahead with the service if you suspect an infection or an infestation ? No.