Revolutions in Asia Intro: Assignment #1 Think about…violence vs. non-violence as a way to change society. 1.When (if ever) is violence justified in changing society? 2.What are some non-violent tactics people use? 3.When (if ever) is non-violence effective in making change?
New Unit Calendar! DO NOW: Listen to the introductory information and take notes that are helpful to you. You do not have to write down everything.
Revolutions in Asia: WHO Similar Goals: Different philosophies “”An eye for an eye makes the whole world blind” “Communism is not love. Communism is a hammer which we use to crush the enemy.”
Revolutions in Asia: How Mao: Envisioned communist revolution of peasants Used violent tactics to win Civil War with Nationalists Used Totalitarian tactics as leader of China
Gandhi: Used non-violent tactics to end British rule in India -Protest -Hunger Strike -Boycott
Revolutions in Asia: WHY Gandhi - Wanted to bring India to a self-governing democratic state Mao Saw revolution as a means to gain rights for the poorest in society: the peasants, who experienced oppression from landlords and the government As leader – used totalitarian tactics to keep party in power. More on Mao Zedong later in the week…. ‘ Modern day flag of India
Our topic today: India and Gandhi Remember Imperialism? Why did countries (like Great Britain, France, Belgium etc) want to create empires? What do you remember about Imperialism in India? ….British East India company ….Sepoy rebellion ….jewel in the crown ….pros and cons (knife of sugar?)
Gandhi’s Major Goals in India 1.Economic self-sufficiency 2.Hindu-Muslim unity 3.Abolish caste system – a strict class system that had existed for centuries. 4.Political independence
Taking an elitist movement to the masses – Mohandas K. Gandhi elite, British-educated lawyer Spent 20 years in South Africa before going to India Mahatma – “Great Soul” TO DO: Read pp and and fill in graphic organizer If you finish early work on HW #1
How can Great Britain control so many Indians? Using indirect rule – British control taxes, military…Indian rulers control local issues
An Indian voice in government? Indian National Congress – elite Indian resistance group; home rule first…then fighting for independence
Amritsar Massacre (1919) British Indian army soldiers open-fire on ~5000 unarmed Indians gathered for a rally
“home-spun” Cloth made IN INDIA, by INDIANS (why?)
PUBLIC PROTEST OF AN UNFAIR LAW NON-VIOLENT INCLUDES A LOT OF PEOPLE PASSIVE!!!
Salt March (1930) Protesting British salt tax, Gandhi leads 400km march to the sea to make his own salt What purpose will this serve?
Warm – up: nonviolence? [paragraph] FREEWRITE: Gandhi said that the point of non- violent resistance was to provoke a response – to “make injustice visible.” Do you think the philosophy of non- violent resistance is realistic in today’s world? Think about one or more of the following… 1.In what situations would it work? When would it not? Why? 2.Would it have been possible to use non-violent means to “fight back” against totalitarian rulers, like Hitler? Why or why not? 3.Would it be “easy” to follow a life of non-violence? Explain.
India’s Independence…and Partition (1947) Religious unrest creation of Pakistan for India’s minority Muslim population