9/25/98C. Edward ChowComputer Configuration Page 1 Demystify Computer System Configuration/Upgrade C. Edward Chow Department of Computer Science CU Colorado Springs

9/25/98C. Edward ChowComputer Configuration Page 2 Outline of the Talk Overview of the computer system architecture Apply Amdal’s Law for system performance/cost trade-off Current trend in computer architecture

9/25/98C. Edward ChowComputer Configuration Page 3 Personal Computer System Display Chassis Keyboard/Mouse A container: Power Supply Sound Card CPU Memory Hard Drive Floppy Drive CD-ROM/DVD Modem Video Capture Printer Scanner Speaker Camcorder Output Devices Input Devices

9/25/98C. Edward ChowComputer Configuration Page 4 Laptop Portable Computer Clamp-on Video Camera Headset/Microphone LCD Display ( ”) Select Bay: 24xCD-ROM/DVD Floppy Battery 2nd Hard Drive (2-8GB) PC Card Slots Modem Card Network Card PentiumII Mobile Processor ( MHz) Twice expensive; Less speed; Mobile!

9/25/98C. Edward ChowComputer Configuration Page 5 Choices of Display Devices CRT Monitor (Cathode Ray Tube) Display LCD Monitor (use less desk space, e.g. 6.7” depth compared with 15.9” for 15” CRT) (less radiation) (very expensive) Screen Typical Resolution Diagonal Row * Column Cost Length (in pixels) Monitor 15” (13.8”) 1024 * 758 $158 17” (15.7”) 1024 * 758 $219 19” (17.7”) 1600 * 1200 $445 21” (19.7”) 1600 * 1200 $999 LCD 15” 1024 * 758 $1150

9/25/98C. Edward ChowComputer Configuration Page 6 Choices of Color Printers Inject Printer Laser Printer (crisp sharp and will not diffuse as some of the inject printers when touched with water) Print Speed Resolution Pages/min (PPM) Dots/in (DPI) Color Black Horizontal Vertical Cost Inject * 300 $ * 600 $168 Laser BW * 600 $380 Color * 600 $ * 1200 $3550

9/25/98C. Edward ChowComputer Configuration Page 7 Choices of Color Scanners The top three are Flatbed Scanners. There exist hand-held/card scanners. *: There are multifunction systems for Small Office Home office (SOHO) (including fax, color printing, color copying, and color scanning functions) that can perform color scan on individual sheet. Color Maximum Resolution Depth Document Size Dots/in (DPI) bits/pixel Accepted Horizontal Vertical Cost 30 letter 300 * 600 $ x13” 600 * 1200 $ letter 600 * 600 $272 Multifunction System* 24 legal 300 * 300 $ legal 300 * 300 $970

9/25/98C. Edward ChowComputer Configuration Page 8 What are in the “tower”? tower CPUMemory Disk Modem I/O Bus (PCI/ISA Bus) System Bus Chassis Motherboard L2 cache Sound Card Graphic Accelerator

9/25/98C. Edward ChowComputer Configuration Page 9 Choices of CPU Compatible Processor In Package System Clock Rate L2 Cache Size Bus Cost Pentium II 450MHz 512KB 100MHz $ MHz 512KB 100MHz $ MHz 512KB 100MHz $340 Celeron 300MHz 128KB 66MHz $172 Overdrive 200MHz 32KB(L1) 66MHz $171 Kinston Turbo Chip 200MHz 64KB(L1) 66MHz $156 AMD K MHz 64KB(L1) 100MHz $ MHz 64KB(L1) 100MHz $139

9/25/98C. Edward ChowComputer Configuration Page 10 Choices of Mother Boards System Bus Max DRAM Speed Size Pin Type Cost SE440BX 100MHz 384MB 168Dimm $180 TITAN 66MHz 256MB 168Dimm $89 TURBO 72Simm AT-2 PENT INTEL430TX 100 MHz Bus support Acelerated Graphic Port (AGP)

9/25/98C. Edward ChowComputer Configuration Page 11 AGP: Accelerated Graphics Port technology

9/25/98C. Edward ChowComputer Configuration Page 12 Choices of Memory Main Memory (DRAM: Dynamic RAM) 32MB Dimm 60ns $60 32MB Simm 60ns $47 Cache Memory (SRAM: Static RAM) 256KB $35 512KB $60

9/25/98C. Edward ChowComputer Configuration Page 13 Amdal’s Law

9/25/98C. Edward ChowComputer Configuration Page 14 Let us play the computer system upgrade game

9/25/98C. Edward ChowComputer Configuration Page 15 Trend in Computer Architecture