YEARS OF CRISIS  No battles fought on US soil  “Roaring 20’s”  Brief Prosperity

“Roaring 20’s”  Plenty of Money  Fun, Jobs, & Parties  First fears of Communism arise

Depression  “BLACK TUESDAY” October 29, 1929October 29, 1929 US Stock Market CrashesUS Stock Market Crashes  Start of Great Depression  1 out of every 4 Americans was jobless (by million)  Unemployment rose 800%

F.D.R.  Franklin D. Roosevelt elected President in 1932  New Deal Policies Creation of Jobs Creation of Jobs TVA, Built roads, Etc.. TVA, Built roads, Etc..

 Fear of another World War and it’s effects caused most Americans to want to remain isolated

Great Britain  Economic Difficulties  General Strike in 1926 Started by the coal miners, by May 4 all walk off of their jobs Started by the coal miners, by May 4 all walk off of their jobs  Strike fails—Parliament passes law making general strikes illegal

Labor Party  Brought about by Failure of General Strike  Socialist ideas and politicians begin to rise in power  Causes a greater fear in the free world

Ireland  Demands for a free state  Despite independence for Southern Ireland.

France  Struggles after devastation of WWI  HALF OF THE MALES BETWEEN AGES WERE KILLED IN WWI

France  Economy suffering  Leads to the rise of Socialist Party  Leon Blum a socialist become Prime Minister in 1934

Totalitarianism  Idea that a dictatorial government should control all aspects of citizens’ lives.

Italy  Benito Mussolini  1919 Formed Fascist Party Fascism—glorification of the state with a strong ruler and aggressive nationalism. Fascism—glorification of the state with a strong ruler and aggressive nationalism.

Italy  Unrest spreads to all areas of Italy  People fear a Communist Revolution

Mussolini  Mussolini’s Army “Black Shirts”: Brutal Tactics to gain and hold support  Mussolini wins election  Due mainly to FEAR

Italy  Mussolini becomes “IL Duce” (the leader).  Bans all non-fascists parties and orders syndicates to be formed  **Many Italians opposed the Fascist System**  “RECAPTURE THE GREATNESS OF ROME”

Germany  Weimar Republic:  Many Germans felt that the Weimer had betrayed them by signing the Treaty of Versailles  Reparations to France 35 Billion Dollars  France takes the Ruhr industrial valley as payment

Germany  High Inflation trillion marks =1 US Dollar, before war 4= trillion marks =1 US Dollar, before war 4=1 French leave Ruhr & US loans $ French leave Ruhr & US loans $  The Nazi Party formed to offer new ideas.  NATIONAL SOCIALIST WORKERS PARTY

Germany  Adolf Hitler  WWI veteran  “Brown Shirts” Formed by Hitler Formed by Hitler Private army of young veterans and street thugs. Private army of young veterans and street thugs.

Hitler  He is arrested in 1923 for attempting to start a revolution.  While in prison, he writes Mein Kampf

Hitler  Mein Kampf (my struggle)  Blamed the Jews and Communists for Germany losing WWI.  Roots of the Holocaust

Hitler and Politics  The National Socialist Workers Party (Nazi) begin to win new voters  Hitler is elected to the legislature  Uses fear of Communism to get elected

Hitler’s power grows  Hitler becomes more powerful as his propaganda machine puts out more & more information  He starts rumors about a communist revolution

Hitler  Hitler is given emergency powers to deal with the communist threat.  Hitler takes total control and forms the Third Reich.1000 YEARS

Hitler  DER FUHRER: HITLER CONTROLS EVERYTHING  Art, music, science, etc……  POWER OF PROPAGANDA ON THE YOUTH OF GERMANY

Comintern  In 1919, communist leaders form the Comintern to help spread communism throughout the world

Russia  Lenin in power Russia:  Rebuilds Russian Economy  New Economic Policy NEP  HEAVY INDUSTRY  1922 Russia becomes the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics USSR

VLADIMIR LENIN

After Lenin  Leon Trotsky and Joseph Stalin battle for leadership after the death of Lenin  Stalin wins and Trotsky flees the country  Trotsky is assassinated in Mexico

Stalin Rules  UNDER COMMUNISM THE SOVIET UNION BECOMES AN INDUSTRIAL LEADER  LIFE FOR THE SOVIET CITIZEN IS HARSH

Stalin  POWER BY FEAR  CREATES THE KGB TO UNSURE DOMESTIC SUBSERVIAENCE

Red Purge  HAS 0VER 11 MILLION “DISODENTS” KILLED MANY OTHERS ARE EXILED  THESE EVENTS ARE CALLED PURGES STARTED IN 1926 STARTED IN 1926