Ms. Bowie 1 Common Diseases of the Digestive System Human Biology 11

2 Digestive System Extends from mouth to anus Functions –Digestion –Absorption

DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 73 Digestive System Structures Mouth –Teeth grind & tear food; –Tongue pushes and squeezes food; –Saliva contains amylase enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates

DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 74 Digestive System Structures Stomach – holds food until digestive juices chemically break it down. Proteins are broken down by pepsin Mucus protects the lining from acid

DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 75 Digestive System Structures Pyloric sphincter controls the movement of food from the stomach to the small intestines.

DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 76 Digestive System Structures Small Intestines –food digestion completed and –nutrients absorbed into bloodstream –Enzymes from pancreas break down carbs, proteins & fats

DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 77 Digestive System Accessory Organs –Liver – produces bile for breakdown of fats –Gallbladder – stores bile produced by liver –Pancreas - makes insulin and digestive enzymes

DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 78 Digestive System Accessory Organs –Liver – produces bile for breakdown of fats –Gallbladder – stores bile produced by liver –Pancreas - manufactures insulin and digestive enzymes

DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 79 Digestive System Structures (continued) Large Intestines –absorbs water, mineral salts and vitamins –secretes mucus to aid in movement of feces –Some vitamins are made here by bacteria

DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 710 Common Disorders Of The Digestive System Ulcer - a lesion or erosion of the lining of the stomach or small intestine

DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 711 Hepatitis – inflammation of the liver Common Disorders Of The Digestive System

DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 712 Cirrhosis – chronic disease of liver where scar tissue replaces liver tissue Common Disorders Of The Digestive System

DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 713 Common Disorders Of The Digestive System Gall stones - stones in the gallbladder

DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 714 Colitis – inflammation & ulcers in the large intestine Common Disorders Of The Digestive System

DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 715 Crohn’s Disease – inflammation of the small & large intestines Common Disorders Of The Digestive System

DHSR Appsroved Curriculum-Unit 716 Hemorrhoids - enlarged veins in anal area Common Disorders Of The Digestive System

DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 717 Constipation - difficulty in expelling fecal material; incomplete or infrequent bowel movements Diarrhea – watery bowel movements Common Disorders Of The Digestive System

DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 718 Gastritis – inflammation of the stomach lining Common Disorders Of The Digestive System

DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 719 Enteritis – inflammation of the intestines Gastroenteritis - inflammation of the stomach lining and intestines Common Disorders Of The Digestive System

DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 720 Hernia – protrusion of organ through wall of cavity where it is normally contained Common Disorders Of The Digestive System

DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 7 21 Cancer - may occur anywhere along digestive tract Common Disorders Of The Digestive System

DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 722 Diverticulosis - chronic disease when small pouches form in the lining and wall of the colon Diverticulitis – inflammation of pouches Common Disorders Of The Digestive System

DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 723