Henrik Halkier– Laura James – Image, experience and production Strategies for developing the value of food tourism in Denmark and England 1.Food and tourism: Paradigms and strategies 2.Food tourism platforms in north-western Europe 3.North Jutland and Suffolk: Conclusions
Henrik Halkier– Laura James – FOOD AND TOURISTS Two paradigms Food practicesFEEDING TOURISTSFOOD TOURISM EatingSustenanceExperience CookingGenericPlace specific RetailingNationalLocalized ProducingStandardizedSpecialized
Henrik Halkier– Laura James – Food tourism change strategies Primary policy target FoodTourism Main level of intervention Firm-levelInnovatingDeveloping experience DestinationLocalising consumptionPromoting image Conceptualising economic development strategies Contextual drivers (destination branding, boost local food production, food scares) Available resources (tourism/food, public/private) Change strategies (aims, targets) (Halkier 2006, Dredge & Jenkins 2007) Food tourism platforms in north-western Europe
Two case studies: North Jutland (DK), Suffolk (UK) Coastal destinations with rural hinterlands Food tourism ambitions, no ‘magnificent culinary heritage’ Suffolk – wheat/barley, poultry, pork, vegetables North Jutland – grain, milk, pork, seafood Interviews with producers, retailers, restaurants, policymakers Food tourism platforms in north-western Europe
Food tourism in North Jutland and Suffolk FINDINGS: RESOURCES
Food tourism in North Jutland and Suffolk FINDINGS: DRIVERS AND STRATEGIES
Henrik Halkier– Laura James – Food tourism in North Jutland and Suffolk CONCLUSIONS DK/UK: Event support DK: Signature dishes DK/UK: Food brandDK: (Avoided) UK: (Private initiatives) DK: (Indirectly?) UK: Diversification
Henrik Halkier– Laura James – Food tourism in North Jutland and Suffolk CONCLUSIONS Strategies focus on Changes visible to visitors: branding, events, menus, (diversification) New temporality (outside main season) NOT localising food chain Strategic differences reflect Perceived/experienced intensity of demand Degree of availability of local food (producers, retailers) Alternatives to diversification for small farmers (wage labour) (National) preferences for particular policy instruments (networks vs grants) Long-term strategic weaknesses Limited funding for promotion/DMOs (UK) Limited addressing of production/distribution density (DK) Weak combination of branding AND development in sector-based governance (DK/UK)