Rita Dries Senior lecturer Mental Health Care Katholiek Hogeschool Kempen Department of Health Science Herentalsstraat Turnhout – Belgium

10,3 ml. inhabitan ts km 2 surface

BELGIUM 10 moi in habitants Surface km 2 Three languages : Flemish, French, German Borders : Northsea, The Netherlands, Germany, Luxemburg, France. Independant since 1830 Kingdom : King Albert 2 Religions : majority Roman Catholic, Islamite, Protestant, Jewish

FLANDERS Northern part of Belgium Flat country Beautiful cities of art and world-famous painters Recently federal state with its own parliament and governement Dutch-language area, most Flemish people speak several languages

TURNHOUT North-east of Belgium 15 km from the border with the Netherlands 40 km from Antwerp, 80 km from Brussels in habitants Well know for printing and playing cards industry Student-city : several schools on several levels

Schoolentrance

Marketplace with church

Castel of the Dukes – 13 th century

EDUCATION IN BELGIUM

1. Levels Nursery education (2,5-6 years of age) Primary education (6-12 years of age) Secondary education (12-18,19 years of age) Higher education non university (+ 18 ) one cycle – two cycle University (+ 18) candidate, licentiate,doctorate Compulsery education from 6-18 Possibility to combine working and learning from 16-18

Secondary education General academic secondary education Technical secondary education Vocational secondary education Art secondary education Post secondary education (18-21 years of age)

2. Organization Public school, civil authority community, province, municipality Private school, private initiative not civil authority complying with all legal instructions mayority are catholic schools

Health Care Education - KHK

Association K.U.Leuven Bachelor and Master in Nursing and Midwifery Association Catholic University of Leuven

Association K.U. Leuven Members 12 polytechnics 1 university students

Health Care Education - KHK Private, Catholic school Approximately 1250 students and 200 lecturers Different educational programmes over different depart- ments and different levels

Health Care Education Katholieke Hogeschool Kempen Department of Health Care Sint Elisabeth Sint Elisabeth Hoger instituut voor verpleegkunde Sint-Elisabeth Turnhout Navormingscentrum HIVSET

Health Care Education - KHK Higher education (Bachelor) midwifery training (3 years – 180 credits) medical secretaries (3 years – 180 credits) nursing education (3 years – 180 credits) 60 credits a year (total: 180 credits) 135 credits general 45 credits specific General, pediatric, and geriatric nursing, mental health care and community care theory and training

First year Theoretical aspects of nursing (7) Basic skills of nursing (8) Applied skills of nursing (8) Anatomy and pathology (7) Biomedical science (5) Psycho-social science (5) Philosophy, ethics and law (7) Clinical placement (13) Health Care Education - Nursing

Second year General nursing (10) Mental health care (5) Community care (5) Pediatric nursing (5) Geriatric nursing (5) Psycho-social science (3) Nursing science (3) Philosophy, ethics and law (4) Clinical placement (15) Capita Selecta (5) Health Care Education - Nursing

Third year General Theoretical aspects of nursing (8) Ethics (3) Psycho-social science (4) Health Care Education - Nursing

Third year General, pediatric, geriatric nursing, community care and mental health care Acute aspects (13) Chronical aspects (6) Clinical placement (18) Project (8) Health Care Education - Nursing

Health Care Education - KHK Continuing education Bachelor after bachelor(6)

MENTAL HEALTH CARE IN BELGIUM

The psychiatric client The organization of mental health care in Belgium Evolution from institutional to community orientated care

The psychiatric client Negative Prejudices in our society Impopular - low social value - low moral value - dangerous behaviour - negative behaviour Difficult quality controle Incompetence of the care worker

The psychiatric client Positive What is a psychiatric patient? (consciousness, memory, thinking, mood, perceptions …) Evolution to scientific approach Looking to the client as a holistic person Empathy, unconditional acceptance, authenticety Rehabilitation idea

The organization of mental health care in Belgium Level 0 The client himself and his environment ‘ex-client’ in self supporting groups

The organization of mental health care in Belgium Level 1 General practioner Pharmacist Care at home

The organization of mental health care in Belgium Level 2 The psychiatrist / neurologist The psychologist Center for mental health (C.G.G.)

The organization of mental health care in Belgium Level 3 Psychiatric ward in a general hospital (PAAZ) Psychiatric hospital (P.C) different sectors, open and closed wards, short and long stay Psychiatric care center (PVT) chronical psychiatric clients, idea of rehabilitation

The organization of mental health care in Belgium Level 4 Day-hospital Night-hospital Occupation therapy Sheltered living Community mental health care Day-activity center Work-coaching

The organization of mental health care in Belgium Organisation of the ward : crisis 30 beds Open or closed Maximum stay 2 month 1 or 2 beds for one room Client is paying a smal price, the rest is covered by the insurence

The organization of mental health care in Belgium Organisation of the ward : long stay 30 beds, 1 or 2 beds for a room Small groups, 6-8 persons Mostly open Maximum stay 18 months Total stay 5 years Resocialisation Client is paying a smal price, the rest is covered by the insurence

The organization of mental health care in Belgium Organisation of the ward : care center 30 beds, 1 bed for 1 room Open Living in groups of 10 persons Stay for the rest of their life Rehabilitation Client is paying half of the price, the rest is covered by the insurence. Some clients have an extra private insurence