Outcomes of Public Health

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Presentation transcript:

Outcomes of Public Health Presentation ชุดนี้ไม่บรรยายนะคะ ขอให้อ่านคำบรรยายเอาเอง คอยๆไปช้าๆ ไม่ต้องรีบร้อน ค่อยๆอ่าน ศัพท์คำไหนไม่รู้ให้เปิดdic นะค่ะ อ่านแล้วพยายามทำความเข้าใจไปด้วย

Healthy community To bring better health to the whole community. พี่คิดว่าจะเข้าใจคำว่าสาธารณสุขดี ต้องเริ่มจาก outcomes เลยจัดสรุปเช่นนี้ค่ะ

Important Characteristics of Public Health Public health deals primarily with preventing disease promoting health, while medicine (or dentistry) is concerned with curing disease in people already ill. Public health deals primarily with the health of populations, while medicine (or dentistry) deals with the health of individuals

Public Health Responsibilities Prevents epidemics and the spread of disease. Protects against environmental hazards. Prevents injuries. Promotes and encourages healthy behaviors. Responds to disasters and assists communities in recovery. Assures the quality and accessibility of health services ในวงแดงคือเรื่องที่เราจะเรียนต่อไปใน course นี้ค่ะ พยายามเข้าใจคำว่า quality และ accessibility นะค่ะ หาว่าหมายความว่าอย่างไร

Public Health Core functions Assessment: regular, systematic collection, assembly, analysis and distribution of information on the health of the community, including statistics on health status, community health needs, and epidemiological and other studies of health problems; Policy development: using the scientific knowledge base in decision-making about public health and taking a strategic approach to leadership for public health policy with a positive appreciation for the democratic political process; Assurance: engaging policy-makers and the public in determining those services that will be guaranteed to every member of the community, and making services necessary to achieve agreed-upon goals available by encouraging action by public and private entities, implementing regulatory requirements, or directly providing services. Adapted from The Future of Public Health, Institute of Medicine, National Academy Press, 1988.

Ten Essential Public Health Services Monitor health status Diagnose and investigate health problems and health hazards Inform, educate and empower people about health issues Mobilize community partnerships to identify and solve health problems Develop policies and plans that support individual and community health Enforce laws and regulations that protect health and ensure safety Link people to needed personal health services and assure the provision of health care when otherwise unavailable Assure a competent public health and personal health care workforce Evaluate the effectiveness, accessibility and quality of personal and population-based health services Conduct research for new insights and innovative solutions to health problems Public Health in America, Public Health Functions Steering Committee, US Department of Health and Human Services, 1994.

Assessment THE THREE CORE PUBLIC HEALTH FUNCTIONS And the Essential Public Health Services Assessment Monitor health status to identify community health problems Diagnose and investigate health problems and health hazards in the community Evaluate effectiveness, accessibility, and quality of personal and population-based health services www.cdc.gov/nphpsp/essentialServices.html

Policy Development Develop policies and plans that support individual and community health efforts Enforce laws and regulations that protect health and ensure safety. Research for new insights and innovative solutions to health problems www.cdc.gov/nphpsp/essentialServices.html

Assurance Link people to needed personal health services and assure the provision of health care when otherwise unavailable Assure a competent public health and personal health care workforce Inform, educate, and empower people about health issues Mobilize community partnerships to identify and solve health problems www.cdc.gov/nphpsp/essentialServices.html

Relationship among core functions, responsibilities and the ten essential public health services. วงล้อที่ทำให้สาธารณสุขหมุนไปได้ค่ะ

Some definitions of Public Health Public is the science or art of protecting and improving of the health of whole communities through education, research of disease and injury prevention. Main public health services includes to investigate health problems and health hazards across the whole community, educate the people about health issues, develop policies and plans that enhance the public health or to regulate laws that protect health and safety. Public health provides foundation for our health care system that concerned with the prevention programs. Public health experts develop policies and programs that give everyone an opportunity to lead a healthy life http://softsolutionsindia.in/public_health.html Definition เหล่านี้มาจากหลายๆแห่ง คิดว่าไม่ซ้ำกับที่พวกเราได้หาไว้ค่ะ

Some definitions of Public Health Public Health is the set of organized community efforts that fulfill society's interest in assuring conditions in which people can be healthy by applying scientific and technical knowledge to prevent disease and promote health. The goal of public health is to improve the health status of the population, with careful attention to and respect for the perspectives and values of the diverse members of the community being served. There is a public health system in each community defined as the wide range of public, private and voluntary organizations such as governmental agencies, academia, health care providers, hospitals, community-based organizations, associations, businesses and individuals. The unique function of governmental public health agencies within this broad infrastructure framework is to see that all vital system elements are in place; that all core functions and essential services are coordinated; and that the mission of improving the health of the community is adequately addressed, using if necessary, the regulatory powers of the state.“  Adapted from The Future of Public Health, Institute of Medicine, National Academy Press, 1988.

Some definitions of Public Health 3. Dental Public Health is the science and art of preventing and controlling dental diseases and promoting dental health through organized community efforts. อันนี้เป็น definition ของ Dental Public Health มาจากหนังสือ Dental Public Health ของDunning คะเก่ามากค่ะ แต่ยังเก่าน้อยกว่า Winslow

Public health professionals try to prevent problems from happening or re-occurring through implementing educational programs, developing policies, administering services, regulating health systems and some health professions, and conducting research, in contrast to clinical professionals, such as doctors and nurses, who focus primarily on treating individuals after they become sick or injured. It is also a field that is concerned with limiting health disparities and a large part of public health is the fight for health care equity, quality, and accessibility. ให้ความสนใจกับ สี่บรรทัดสุดท้ายหน่อยนะค่ะ Health disparity คืออะไร care equity, quality and accessibility เข้าใจไหมค่ะว่าหมายความว่าอะไร วันศุกร์ที่ ๒๑ เมษายน พ.ศ. ๒๕๖๐ 14

Public Health Approach Implementation: How do you do it? Intervention Evaluation: What works? Risk Factor Identification: What is the cause? Surveillance: What is the problem? Problem Response Public Health Approach

Population health approach consists of focusing on the health of populations; addressing the determinants of health and their interactions; basing decisions on evidence; increasing upstream investments; applying multiple strategies; collaborating across sectors and levels; employing mechanisms for public involvement; and demonstrating accountability for health outcomes. Health Canada, Population and Public Health Branch, The Population Health Template: Key Elements and Actions That Define a Population Health Approach, 2001 ข้อสามนะคะ จะทำงานสาธารณสุข คือจะ implement อะไร ต้องมี evidence ว่ามัน effective, efficient นะคะ จะเลือกดำเนินการอะไร การตัดสินใจต้องมี evidence Upstream เข้าใจไหมคะ คือ ก่อนเป็นโรคนะคะ ข้อหก การทำงานสาธารณสุขทำคนเดียวไม่ได้ ต้องทำเป็นทีมนะคะ เป็นสหวิชาชีพ ข้อ 7 สำคัญคือต้องมี ส่วนร่วมของสาธารณชนนะคะ ทั้ง 8 ข้อนี้สำคัญมากในสาธารณสุข

Boundary of Public Health ? Epidemiology Biostatistics Health Services Behavioral Science / Health Education Environmental Health International / Global Health Maternal and Child Health Nutrition Public Health Laboratory Practice Public Health Policy Public Health Practice ขอบเขตของสาธารณสุข ประกอบด้วยวิชาย่อยๆอีกหลายแขนง อันนี้เป็นแบบหนึ่งเท่านั้นค่ะ อาจแบ่งเป็นอย่างวิชาที่เราเรียนก็ได้ Gr 6

(Oral)Health System ระบบ(ทันต) สาธารณสุข เป็นการออกแบบ เอาความรู้ด้านต่างๆมาร้อยเรียงให้การสาธารณสุขไปถึงประชาชน เกิดประโยชน์สูงสุด โดยประหยัดที่สุด เน้นที่ว่าเป็นการออกแบบนะคะ เป็นเรื่องที่เราเป็นคนออกแบบเอง เพื่อใช้ทรัพยากรที่มีอยู่จำกัดให้เกิดประโยชน์สูงสุดในการทำให้สุขภาพของชุมชนดีขึ้น

the world a better place. Public health professionals achieve true job satisfaction by knowing they are making the world a better place. สไลด์นี้พี่ประทับใจมากค่ะ ทำให้เราภาคภุมิใจในวิชาชีพสาธารณสุขของเรา

Thank you Questions and comments, please ก่อนจบ และให้พวกเราถามคำถาม พี่ขอให้พวกเราตอบหน่อยว่า Biostatisticเกี่ยวกับสาธารณสุขอย่างไร ตอบไว้ในใจนะคะ พรุ่งนี้ ( 23 มค) จะตอบให้หลังพวกเราส่งงาน assignment 2 แล้ว ขอให้ถามคำถามนะค่ะ ไม่เข้าใจอย่างไรถามในกระทู้นะคะ เข้ากระทู้ไม่เป็นถามใน e mail ได้ค่ะ ส่งในกลุ่ม DPH เลยค่ะ ทุกคนจะได้เห็น เรียนแบบอ่านคำบรรยายกับ มีเสียงชอบแบบไหนค่ะ ตอบด้วย