The Active Sun. Sunspots Umbra Penumbra Granulation.

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Presentation transcript:

The Active Sun

Sunspots Umbra Penumbra Granulation

Features of Sunspots FDarker than surrounding FGranulation inhibited (movie)movie FOccur in pairs FSunspot Cycle

Sunspot Cycle

Maunder Butterfly Diagram

Magnetic Polarities Opposite polarities within a pair Pairs in opposite hemispheres have opposite polarity Entire structure reverses every cycle S N S N S N Beginning of cycleLater in the same cycle N N S S S N N S The next cycle N N S S

Babcock Model FTwo features combine to produce Magnetic Rotation

Wrapping Field Lines Link

Model Check List FSpots first appear 30° from polarities within polarities in other hemisphere FBecome more numerous and closer to the equator as the wrapping is reached midway FMagnetic field lines spots, closer to totally untangled, the field is flipped

Should Other Stars Have Spot Cycles? below photosphere Convective Zone

Plages

Prominences Movie

Flares October 29, 2003 Coronal Mass Ejection

Solar-Terrestrial Relationships FLight - Heat FParticles - Solar Wind, Communication (The Movie)The Movie

Aurora Borealis

Earth’s Magnetic Field

Tree Rings FWidth follows a 22-year phase with sunspots

Maunder Minimum Global Climate

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