University of Cambridge Dept of Chemistry – Lensfield Road Energy Audit & Opportunities Malcolm Tait of KJ Tait Engineers Introduction The Utility Challenge M & E Power Consumption ICT Power Consumption Laboratory Power Consumption Opportunities for Energy Reduction

University of Cambridge Dept of Chemistry – Lensfield Road Energy Audit & Opportunities 27,000 sq.ft area Built in 1950’s Mixture of under-graduate and post-graduate research Basement to Fifth Floor

Dept of Chemistry – Lensfield Road Energy Audit & Opportunities Energy Consumption Elec Kwh/m2 Gas Kwh/m2 Energy Cost p.a Carbon Tonnes CO2 p.a University of Cambridge £1.1m7722 University of Oxford

Dept of Chemistry – Lensfield Road Energy Audit & Opportunities Data Gathering; Visual Plate Surveys of Motors Walkround with Lab Technicians Plant Labelling/BMS/

Dept of Chemistry – Lensfield Road Energy Audit & Opportunities Fan Power Consumption No of FumeMotorPower Operation Annual RunAnnual Area ServedCupboardsDuty (KW)Standby SettingRun SettingStrategyHours Standby Hours Fan 4/1 (Serves 3rd Floor 318, 320 & 321) Fan 4/5(Serves 1st Floor West End lab 122) Fan 4/7 (Ground Floor Serves G13 North Side) Teaching Fan 4/3 ( Serves 2nd Floor Lab 229 & 231) Ground Floor AHU 4/4 (AHU No4 - htg only) Teaching First Floor AHU 4/3 (AHU No3 - htg only) Second Floor AHU 4/2 (AHU No 2 - htg only) Third Floor (AHU 4/1 (AHU No1)) Fan 4/2 (Serves 3rd Floor ; 316, 317, 318, 323) Fan 4/8 Phase 4 ( Ground Floor serves g13 south side) Teaching Fan 4/6 Phase 4 ( 1st Floor serves 122, 117a) Fan 4/4 Phase 4 ( 2nd Floor serves 220,222,229) Fan 2/2 Phase 2 ( 3rd Floor serves 301 east end) Fan 2/4 Phase 2 ( 2nd Floor serves 201, 217 & 353a) Fan 1 Phase 1 ( Ground Floor serves G11 east end) Fan 2 Phase 1 ( 1st Floor serves 106 &107) Third Floor AHU 4 ( - htg only 8m3/s) EFG2 (Serves Phase 2/3 Lab 202 & 207) EFG2 (Serves Lab G11 West End)

Dept of Chemistry – Lensfield Road Energy Audit & Opportunities Fan Energy 108 m3/s supply air 328 No fume cupboards 3,273,348 kWh p.a £283,500 p.a (fan energy)

Dept of Chemistry – Lensfield Road Energy Audit & Opportunities Pump Power Pumps 10/1 & 10/2 head Served off AHU No 2 Panel - linked to York Chiller 1.5 summer No Pumps each at 1kw, but only 1 running No Pump (not running) No 11/1 & 11/ hrs a day2190 P1 (Running) P2 (Running) P3 (Running) P4 (Running) P5 (Not Running) 0 0 P6 North Wing P7 South Wing P8 East Wing P9 ? Lab G51 AHU Run around pump th Floor Plant Room P1 &P th Floor Plant Room P1 &P2 (CHW) MotorOperation Annual Run Area Served Duty (KW)StrategyHours

Dept of Chemistry – Lensfield Road Energy Audit & Opportunities Cooling Plant York CWP-CHE KW Output 32 summer No on Roof Carrier CWP-CHE Chiller B cw/ph7/ Chiller C (4TH Floor Plantroom) CH/PH7/ Chiller A (4th Floor Plantroom)CH/PH7/ Total 1527kW Cooling Capcity delivered by 263 No Units Less ICT Cooling at 200kW = 1327 Kw (CoP OF 3) Total M&E Power MotorOperation Annual Run Area Served Duty (KW)StrategyHours

Dept of Chemistry – Lensfield Road Energy Audit & Opportunities M&E Plant Electrical Consumption

Dept of Chemistry – Lensfield Road Energy Audit & Opportunities ICT Loads a No of Hours of Operation Total HoursAnnual Plant REFSYSTEM DUTY(k W)run (w)standy (w)runstandy Of Operation p.a.kwh MachinesB95;21 300W B95:Networking Equipment MachinesB108A MachinesB MachinesG34A Machines152A MachinesM25A MachinesG34D Machines MachinesG MachinesUBO Total196.8 Cooling Servers Cooling for Server Rooms (CoP OF 3) PC'S2118 No PC's in building Monitors2118 No Monitors at 0.004KW PrintersLarge Photocopier (10 No?) Small Photocopier (30No?) Laser Printer (140No?) Total

Dept of Chemistry – Lensfield Road Energy Audit & Opportunities HEEPI Input Data Power of client in active/idle mode (Watts) 79 Power of client in standby mode (Watts) 4 Power of monitor in active/standby mode (Watts) 35 Power of monitor in standby mode (Watts) 2

Dept of Chemistry – Lensfield Road Energy Audit & Opportunities Lab Equipment Total No of Hours of Operation Weeks in Year FloorPlant REFSYSTEMDUTY(kW)WeekdaysWeekendsPlant is On Level 3Room No Fridges 2No Mass Specs 3 phase1 2 No Oven Heaters7 Room 3018 No Glove Boxes 5 No fridges 1 Ni Oven1 Vacuum Pump for Cupboards0.5 Room 354Liquid Chromotogrophy Vacuum Pump for Cupboards0.5 fridges 8 No Level 2Room 287Ice maker1 Freezers 4 No Misc Items 22 No Items 13A3 Radio Chemistry 4 No 13A3 Incubator Shakers 9 No 13A310 Centrafuges 2 No120 Ovens 4 No

Dept of Chemistry – Lensfield Road Energy Audit & Opportunities HEEPI Lab Toolkit Initiative LEVEL C LARGE HEATING EQUIPMENT LARGE WET / COLD EQUIP Chemical Ovens Cold Room Glassware Ovens Fridges Heating Cabinets Freezers Other Ice Machines Chillers SMALL HEATING EQUIPLocal DI Water Heating mantles Water Stills Hot Plates Glass Washers Heater / stirrers Ultrasonic Baths Melting Point Aperatus Other Water Baths Rotary Evaporators Sonicators Sublimation Aperatus Heat Gun Microwave Reactor Bunsen Burners Incubators

Dept of Chemistry – Lensfield Road Energy Audit & Opportunities

Dept of Chemistry – Lensfield Road Energy Audit & Opportunities Opportunity for Zone Presence Detectors on Fume Cupboards

Dept of Chemistry – Lensfield Road Energy Audit & Opportunities Opportunity for Zone Presence Detectors on Fume Cupboards 112 Lab – 9 No fume cupboards - no zps Melville Lab – 10 No fume cupboards - with zps

Dept of Chemistry – Lensfield Road Energy Audit & Opportunities Opportunity for Zone Presence Detectors on Fume Cupboards 1 week test, monitoring comparative supply air volumes;

Dept of Chemistry – Lensfield Road Energy Audit & Opportunities Opportunity for Zone Presence Detectors on Fume Cupboards Assumptions; 108 m3/s – total supply air into the building 328 fume 300l/s – 98m3/s Best case – install ZPS in all fume cupboards to reduce air volume by 50% Assume reduce supply fan power consumption by 33% - 454,545 kwh p.a - £39, Assume heat reduction for 50m3/s p.a;- 3,153,600 kwh p.a - £69,379 Total Potential Saving- £108,742 p.a

Dept of Chemistry – Lensfield Road Energy Audit & Opportunities Other Potential Opportunities; LPHW Pumps at constant volume all year-change AHU’s to 2-port control -potential saving of £12k p.a Undergraduate labs run in setback mode All year - -switch off fume cupboards outwith term, saving of £20k Review ICT Cooling Strategy Review Split A/C Strategy Metering of Laboratory Equipment

Dept of Chemistry – Lensfield Road Energy Audit & Opportunities Other Opportunities Record Documentation Collated Common Referencing of Plant The Need for a Building Log Book – collate design intent Improved metering of AHU’s power consumption Lab equipment – asset register - meter

Further Energy Saving Opportunities Adjust exhaust fan speed to reflect current wind conditions; -Reduce fan speed when wind speed is slow -Increase fan speed when wind speed is fast Wind Responsive Systems Work Best When; -low required building flows -high frequency of low wind speeds -directional conditions Opportunity for Wind Responsive Fume Exhaust Control;

Wind Responsive Fume Exhaust – USA Case Study

Opportunity for Wind Responsive Fume Exhaust Control; The Process; Measure current fume exhaust outlet velocities Commission wind tunnel simulations for reduced velocities against a range of wind conditions Undertake physical visualisation tests to validate results Re-commission fan control strategy Cost of Process - £60k Further Energy Saving Opportunities

Opportunity for Wind Responsive Fume Exhaust Control; Assumption that every fume exhaust fan achieves a 33% reduction In energy consumption as a result of a wind responsive control regime; Annual saving in energy – kwh p.a. Annual cost saving - £56, p.a Further Energy Saving Opportunities