DNV GL © 2014 SAFER, SMARTER, GREENER DNV GL © 2014 HVAC_3 Quality Maintenance 1 Research Plan

DNV GL © 2014 Research Plan Objectives and Presentation Outline  Estimate Energy Savings from Quality Maintenance and related activities  Focus is on Commercial HVAC Maintenance – Includes Statewide QM Programs for SCE and PG&E – Includes PG&E AirCarePlus and SDG&E programs which are not within Statewide QM  OUTLINE – Background on Development of the Plan – Background on previous evaluation issues – Overview of plan components (gross and net savings) – Key measures evaluated – Types of Data Collection and Analysis – Public Comment Posting Instructions – Questions 2

DNV GL © 2014 Research Plan Development  Why not just do an analysis of customer bills? – Rigorous billing analysis requires a year of bills before and after an intervention where the intervention is expected to achieve 10% or more savings. – Maintenance occurring over multiple visits creates a problem that there is never a full year between events – The measures may be expected to save 10% of treated HVAC loads, but not 10% of total building usage. – It would not tell us any measure-level information, only building level and program level. – A very expensive evaluation using end-use metering has similar issues  Why are current estimates based on building simulations? – Workpaper and DEER estimates have to be created before programs occur – Evaluation goal is to estimate savings for this program cycle AND improve future workpaper and DEER estimates 3 Billing Analysis and metering do not provide measure level information and do not allow direct improvement of future workpaper and DEER estimates

DNV GL © 2014 Research Plan Development Process Methodology Evolution through the Research Plan Development Process Pre/Post Monitoring for site visits as in evaluation. Site level analysis using combination of spreadsheet and DOE-2* model analysis. *DOE-2 and eQuest are essentially the same thing, just different user interface. Post-maintenance site visits, recreation of pre-maintenance condition. Focus on five high impact measures and use spreadsheet models to determine impact of each measure. Expansion of ride along visits to include coil cleaning assessment. Site level analysis using either spreadsheet custom analysis and/or a DOE-2 building model for each site. Post-maintenance site visits with addition of pre-maintenance visits to determine baseline if program data is insufficient to determine baseline state. Analysis not at a site level, but at program level using DOE-2 to model DEER prototype buildings in the appropriate CA climate zones for each IOU. Model HVAC inputs are informed by field and lab data. 4

DNV GL © 2014 WO32 Challenges Difficulty coordinating with program implementers for pre/post maintenance visits. Solution: Coordination for pre/post visits not necessary as pre-maintenance and post-maintenance samples are now addressed differently, at ride-alongs for coil cleaning and recreation at post visits. HVAC efficiency measurements are not robust because mixed air temperature and relative humidity measurements were unreliable. Solution: Different method for mixed air temperature and relative humidity determination. Maintenance occurs over a period of 3 years so the pre-maintenance condition and post- maintenance condition can be significantly separated in time with poorly defined retrofit date. Solution: Not attempting pre/post monitoring. Site attrition and data issues caused smaller sample size than planned Solution: Conservative estimates of data sample points attained from site visits, and less attrition expected. Diagnostic tests to determine over or under charge give incorrect result when other faults are present (non-condensables, line restriction, low airflow.) Solution: Weigh in/out procedure for determining correct refrigerant charge 5

DNV GL © 2014 Overview of the Plan Impact Evaluation Gross Savings eQuest Model Workpaper Data Tracking Data Field DataLab DataNet to Gross Net to Gross Model Participant Survey Data Contractor Survey Data 6

DNV GL © 2014 Tracking Data 7 Non-Residential QM Measures and Savings Ranked by Percent of Total Non ‑ Residential QM Savings (Q1 – Q6)

DNV GL © 2014 Field Data Collection Methods Current 2015 program participants Collect data on coil cleaning measures 45 Ride Along Visits Completed program participants Collect data on RCA, economizer, thermostat and supply fan control measures 55 Post-Maintenance Visits 8

DNV GL © 2014 Ride Along Site Visits  Examples of the types of data we plan to collect at ride along visits: – Data to evaluate the evaporator and condenser coil cleaning measures such as – Suction pressure before and after cleaning – Discharge pressure before and after cleaning – Outdoor air temperature – Return air temperature – Supply air temperature – Baseline information such as: – Thermostat settings and EMS over-rides – Supply fan operating schedule – Economizer operational and if not note damper position 9

DNV GL © 2014 Post Maintenance Site Visits  Examples of data we plan to collect at post-maintenance visits – RCA measure – Weight of refrigerant in the system – Economizer measures – Economizer minimum setting airflow – Economizer maximum setting airflow – Economizer changeover setpoint and control strategy – Thermostat measure – Thermostat schedule and temperature settings – Supply Fan measure – Supply fan schedule 10

DNV GL © 2014 HVAC Instrumentation 11

DNV GL © 2014 Ex Post Savings Methodology  Still in development  Baseline data is incomplete.  Base savings on eQuest models of DEER building prototypes with non- faulted systems as the baseline, similar to the workpaper calculations.  We will collect data to improve workpaper assumptions. Where that is not possible we will use existing workpaper assumptions.  Coil cleaning: determine EIR/discharge pressure relationship from laboratory experiments. Measure discharge pressure change. Use EIR change in model.  RCA: determine EIR/% full charge relationship from laboratory experiments. Measure charge. Use EIR change in model  Thermostats and Supply Fan: determine schedule and use in model  Economizer: Model based on minimum, maximum airflow, changeover setpoint, and control strategy. 12

DNV GL © 2014 Budget TaskBudget Task 1: HVAC PCG Reporting, Project Administration, and QC $125,000 Task 2: Develop Research Plan$160,000 Task 3: Staff Training and Field Procedure Pilot$290,000 Task 4: Interim Report$90,000 Task 5: Commercial QM Program Impact Assessment$600,000 Task 6: NTG Analysis$140,000 Task 7: Final Report$150,000 Total$1,555, Table 17: Project Budget by Task

DNV GL © 2014 SAFER, SMARTER, GREENER Posting Comments px; select “ ” program cycle and search “HVAC”. Public comment may be posted to the Public Document Area through Friday May 15, px 14 Jennifer McWilliams (mobile)