Bell Work 1/13/15 On your desk: IN Pencil/Pen PRIDE Cards 1. Where do you think this picture was taken? The Grand Canyon 2. What river is located at the bottom? The Colorado River 3. Explain how it was formed. The Colorado River slowly eroded the sedimentary rock over millions of years.

Interactive Notebook Table of Contents Title Date Page # 1. Freshwater Systems 1/6/15 States of Matter 7 H2O Cycle 1/8/15 13 Double Bubble 1/13/15 ??

Water 97% is saltwater. ONLY 3% is freshwater.

Double Bubble: Where is water stored on our planet?? Output side! Double Bubble: Where is water stored on our planet?? Minimum of 15 bubbles!! FW SW

Water 97% is saltwater. Only 3% is freshwater. 2% is locked up in glaciers and ice caps. 1% is usable by humans Groundwater Rivers lakes

Freshwater Systems Read Chapter 1 Section 1

Interactive Notebook Table of Contents Title Date Page # 1. Freshwater Systems 1/6/15 States of Matter 7 H2O Cycle 1/8/15 13 Double Bubble 1/13/15 ?? Freshwater

“Water on Earth” Ch. 1 Section 1 Pages 4-10 Chapter 1 Section 1 Reading : http://my.hrw.com/tabnav/controller.jsp?isbn=0030490839 Output Activity: Definition and Picture “Water on Earth” Ch. 1 Section 1 Pages 4-10

Ch. 1 Sect. 1 (Pages 4-10) Picture Vocabulary Word Definition Erosion Water Cycle Tributary Ch. 1 Sect. 1 (Pages 4-10) Watershed Divide Channel Load

Bell Work 1/14/15 On your desk: IN Pencil/Pen PRIDE Cards What percentage of all available water does SW make up? Salt water makes up 97% of all water on Earth. 2. List 3 places where SW is found. 3. What percentage of all available water does FW make up? Fresh water makes up only 3% of water on Earth. 4. List 3 places where FW is found.

Erosion- the process by which wind, water, ice or gravity transports soil or sediment from one location to another.

Water Cycle- the continuous movement of water from the ocean to the atmosphere to the land and back to the ocean.

Tributary- A stream that flows into a lake or a larger stream.

Watershed- The area of land that is drained by a water system.

Divide- The boundary between drainage areas that have streams that flow in opposite directions.

Channel- The path that a stream follows.

Load- The materials carried by a stream.

Freshwater Systems 97% is ocean water. Only 3% is freshwater. 2% is locked up in glaciers and ice caps. 1% is usable by humans Groundwater Rivers lakes

Freshwater Storage Glaciers- form where more snow falls than melts each year. Ponds and Lakes- form in depressions(low areas) in the land. Atmosphere- tiny % of earth’s water is found in the form of clouds.

Lakes Lakes are formed when water fills in bowl-shaped depressions in the Earth's surface, called basins. Lake basins are formed in several ways. Many lakes were formed by glaciers that covered large areas of land during the most recent ice age, about 18,000 years ago.

Lake Types Natural Lakes- Form naturally when water filled in basins and there is no outlet. Ex: Mormon Lake, AZ Reservoirs- Formed when a river is dammed. A natural lake’s outlet can be dammed as well to regulate water flow. Ex: Bartlett Lake, AZ

Lakes ZONES: Littoral Zone- area closest to the shore. Benthic Zone- lowest area of a body of water. Pelagic zone- makes up the rest of the lake

Streams and Rivers Tributaries- a stream that flows into a lake or into a larger stream. Watershed- The area of land that is drained by a water system. Also called drainage basins. Divide- The boundary between drainage areas that have streams that flow in opposite directions.

ArizonaWatersheds Upper Colorado River Basin Verde River Basin Salt River Basin Little Colorado Basin

Let’s Create our own Watersheds!! Materials: Piece of white paper Tape Markers- brown, green and blue Spray bottle Water

You have 10 minutes to review for your Target Tests!! Bell Work 1/20 /15 On your desk: IN Pencil/Pen PRIDE Cards You have 10 minutes to review for your Target Tests!!

A B C

Let’s Create our own Watersheds!! How many watersheds do you see?

Bell Work 1/21 /15 On your desk: IN Pencil/Pen PRIDE Cards Log on to Edmodo/Synergy and check your target test scores from yesterday. 2. Bubble in your scores in the back of you IN. 3. Are you satisfied with the results? If Yes, what did you do to prepare? If No, what will you do next time to prepare for the target tests?

REVIEW: Lakes ZONES: Littoral Zone- area closest to the shore. Benthic Zone- lowest area of a body of water. Pelagic zone- makes up the rest of the lake

What happens to H2O after it precipitates from the clouds??

Stream Development Streams erode paths through sediment and rock, forming V-shaped valleys. But.... what affects stream formation and structure? How does the water want to flow? http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=ubP_-ptVDbY

Supply of Water Stream formation relies on a consistent water supply Precipitation Underground deposits of water

Supply of Water Moving water carves a narrow pathway into the sediment or rock called the stream channel. Stream banks hold the moving water within them.

Velocity of stream When a stream is straight the water has maximum velocity in the center of the channel The water has minimum velocity on the sides and bottom of the channel WHY????

Meanders A bend or curve in a stream channel is called a meander . Water moving along the outside of a meander curve experiences the greatest velocity and erodes the side of the stream bed. Water moving along the inside of the meander is slower and deposition is occurring. Erosion Deposition

Deposition Delta- A fan-shaped mass of material deposited at the mouth of a stream.

Deposition Alluvial Fan- A fan-shaped mass of material deposited by a stream when the slope of the land decreases sharply.

Floods A flood occurs when water spills over the sides of the stream’s banks. The flat area that is covered with water during times of flooding is called the floodplain.

pH

H2O can be an acid or a base pH of Water Acid- A substance that can donate a hydrogen ion (H+) to another substance Base- A substance that can accept a hydrogen ion (H+) from another substance Hydroxide ion (OH-) is formed H2O can be an acid or a base

Acidic Water (pH<7)

Basic (Alkaline) Water (pH>7)

Chapter 1 Section 1 Questions Reading : http://my.hrw.com/tabnav/controller.jsp?isbn=0030490839 Output Activity: Answer questions 1-10 Make sure to write the question and answer!! “Water on Earth” Ch. 1 Section 1 Pages 4-10

Bell Work 1/22/15 On your desk: IN Pencil/Pen PRIDE Cards 1. What is the difference between a delta and alluvial fan? The difference between a delta and alluvial fan is the elevation change of the stream to the ocean. 2. Describe how a meander is formed. Make sure to include velocity, erosion, and deposition. Meanders are formed due to the movement of stream water. The greatest velocity is on the outside of the meander, which causes erosion. The lowest velocity occurs at the inside of the meander, where deposition occurs.

Groundwater The water located beneath the earth's surface in soil pore spaces and in the fractures of rock formations. Rock is either… Impermeable rock- a rock that water cannot flow through. Permeable rock- a rock that water can easily flow through.

Groundwater The majority of freshwater is found underground. Water collects in spaces between particles of sediments underground.

Aquifers A layer of rock or sediment that stores groundwater. What type of rock makes a good aquifer? - sedimentary rock - many pores (open spaces) between sediments

Aquifers Porosity- The fraction of a rock’s volume that is taken up by pores. Permeability- A rocks ability to let water pass through.

Aquifer Saturated zone- region where pore spaces are entirely filled with water. Water table- top of the saturated zone.

How do we get to groundwater? Well- A hole dug below the water table in order to access water. Spring- The side of a hill intersects the water table and water flows out.

Well Location

Bell Work 1/23/15 What type of rock makes a good aquifer? On your desk: IN Pencil/Pen PRIDE Cards What type of rock makes a good aquifer? Describe why!! Sedimentary rock! Sedimentary rock is very porous and holds a lot of water. 2. What is permeability? A rocks ability to let water pass through. Volume of water / Time = Permeability

Video?? HORIZON Eight Arizona PBS-Water Sustainability   HORIZON Eight Arizona PBS-Water Sustainability http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OxC779Fjw1o What are the three Rs? Where does AZ get it’s water? (groundwater, surface water, and a little bit of reclaimed water.) Why is Arizona fortunate as far as water supply? (We have alot of ground water, we have large rights to the CO River)