Between the Wars 1920 – 1941 Chapter 23

Politics of Isolation Washington Conference (1921): series of disarmament treaties involving all major industrialized nations. Kellogg-Briand Pact (1927): 60 nations agreed to outlaw aggressive war! Dawes Plan ( ): U.S. loaned $ to Germany = pay France & Britain = pay U.S.

Latin America Americans wanted to limit intervention !Too expensive! Americans wanted to limit intervention !Too expensive! Good Neighbor Policy : FDR focused on diplomacy, reciprocal trade, and understanding

The Rise of Dictators Causes: World War I & Versailles Treaty World War I & Versailles Treaty The Global Depression The Global Depression Fear of the spread of Soviet Communism led to right-wing reactionary governments Fear of the spread of Soviet Communism led to right-wing reactionary governments

Mussolini and Italian Fascism ( ) Appealed to Middle & Upper Class Wanted revival of Roman Empire Fascism: radical authoritarian nationalist ideology Anti-Communistic Anti-Communistic Anti-Democratic Anti-Democratic Totalitarian leader is the state Totalitarian leader is the state

Adolf Hitler & German Nazism ( ) Blamed socialists, communists, and Jews for defeat in WWI Wanted to reverse Versailles Trty. And build a new German Empire Claimed Aryan-Germans were the Superior Race

Was named Chancellor at height of Germany’s depression. His party gained total control of Germany & revoked civil liberties Purged & murdered “undesirables” Kristallnacht Kristallnacht

Japanese Militarism Japan had gone from Feudalism to World Power in less than a century Militarists, Nationalists, & Industrialists gained power in the 1930s Ruled in name of the Emperor. Denied civil liberties & pursued expansion for resources

Japan Invades Manchuria (1931) Japan set up a puppet-govt. U.S. condemned the takeover, but did nothing. Japan withdrew from League of Nations

Joseph Stalin & the U.S.S.R. ( ) Created a command economy, rapidly industrialized Russia May have killed up to 20 million thru purges, slave labor, famines, forced relocations Cold & calculating Totalitarian

The USA recognizes the USSR (1933) Rise of Fascism led to this marriage of convenience FDR felt it would help out economy Alliance lasted until end of WWII