International Center for Leadership in Education Richard Jones

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THE INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR LEADERSHIP IN EDUCATION RIGOR RELEVANCE

Rigorous and Relevant Learning

Rigor

Relevance My only skill is taking tests.

All Students

??? Why ??? Rigorous and Relevant Learning

Why Rigor and Relevance? Changing Nature of Work Translating Standards into Teaching Reduce Overcrowded Curriculum Way to Focus on Student Learning Tool for School Alignment Explain What is Important It is what is on THE test Increase Student Motivation

 Rigor  Relevance  All students

Successful School Response

Characteristics 1.Small Learning Communities 2. High Expectations 3. 9 th Grade th Grade 6. Curriculum 5. Data 7. Relationships / Reflective Thought 8. Professional Development 9. Leadership

Rigor/Relevance Framework

Assimilation of knowledge Acquisition Thinking Continuum

1.Awareness 2.Comprehension 3.Application 4.Analysis 5.Synthesis 6.Evaluation Knowledge Taxonomy

Basic Nutrition 1Label food by nutritional groups 2Explain nutritional value of foods 3Use nutrition guidelines in planning meals 4Examine success in achieving nutrition goals 5Develop personal nutrition goals 6Appraise results of personal eating habits over time Knowledge Taxonomy

Application Model

Acquisition of knowledge Application Action Continuum

Application Model 1 Knowledge in one discipline 2Application within discipline 3Application across disciplines 4 Application to real-world predictable situations 5 Application to real-world unpredictable situations

Basic Nutrition 1Label food by nutrition groups 2Rank foods by nutritional value 3Make cost comparison of foods considering nutritional value 4Develop nutritional plan for a health problem affected by food 5Devise a sound nutritional plan for a group of 3 year-olds who are “picky” eaters Application Model

Levels of Application Model

Conducting a scientific experiment Reading a historical novel Basic computation (add, subtract, multiply, divide) Measuring volume of liquids Technical writing Speaking to an audience Determining probability Personal health and wellness Predicting events based on probability Critical viewing skills Collecting and analyzing data Correct grammatical use of language Computer spreadsheet Word processing Poetry Measurement of area Interpersonal communication Physical fitness Nutrition Parenting Citizenship Economics U. S. Geography Scientific classification systems Cellular Biology Writing letters Preparing a personal budget

Application Model 1 Knowledge in one discipline 2Application within discipline 3Application across disciplines 4 Application to real-world predictable situations 5 Application to real-world unpredictable situations

12345 Application Knowledge Rigor/Relevance Framework

A

A B

A B C

A B D C

Determining Levels of Rigor and Relevance

Knowledge Taxonomy Verb List

Application Model Decision Tree

Decision Tree Application Model International Center for Leadership in Education 1997

Decision Tree Is it Application?  If NO Application Model Level 1 International Center for Leadership in Education 1997

Decision Tree Is it Application?  If NO If YES - Is it real world?  If NO and one discipline  If NO and interdisciplinary Application Model Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 International Center for Leadership in Education 1997

Decision Tree Is it Application?  If NO If YES - Is it real world?  If NO and one discipline  If NO and interdisciplinary If YES - Is it unpredictable?  If NO  If YES Application Model Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Level 5 International Center for Leadership in Education 1997

Skills and Knowledge K International Center for Leadership in Education 1997 Read or view news reports, interpret information and vote in an informed manner Use second language to discuss current events in a country where the language is spoken Follow directions in a manual to use equipment safely Write an essay, using references about an issue of interest Compare prices, interest rates and maintenance costs of buying an appliance

Skills and Knowledge International Center for Leadership in Education 1997 Read or view news reports, interpret information and vote in an informed manner Use second language to discuss current events in a country where the language is spoken Follow directions in a manual to use equipment safely Write an essay, using references about an issue of interest Compare prices, interest rates and maintenance costs of buying an appliance A

Skills and Knowledge K International Center for Leadership in Education 1997 Read or view news reports, interpret information and vote in an informed manner Use second language to discuss current events in a country where the language is spoken Follow directions in a manual to use equipment safely Write an essay, using references about an issue of interest Compare prices, interest rates and maintenance costs of buying an appliance A

* * * * * * * * * * KNOWLEDGEKNOWLEDGE A P P L I C A T I O N Skills and Knowledge A C D B

Rigor/ Relevance Handbook

KNOWLEDGEKNOWLEDGE A P P L I C A T I O N A B D C AcquisitionApplication Adaptation Assimilation Identify one experience in your class in each quadrant

Skill Identify, collect or sort pertinent information while reading.

Quadrant A Read a science experiment and identify the necessary materials to perform the experiment.

Quadrant B Locate and read current articles on biotech.

Quadrant C Read and analyze 3 original newspaper articles from WW II and identify reasons for opposition to US entry into the war.

Quadrant D Read pertinent information related to El Nino weather patterns and propose possible summer vacation destinations.

Rigor/Relevance Framework 1. Awareness 2.Comprehension 3. Application 4.Analysis 5.Synthesis 6.Evaluation 1. Knowledge of one discipline 2. Application within discipline 3. Application across disciplines 4. Application to real world predictable situations 5. Application to real world unpredictable situations KnowledgeApplication

KNOWLEDGEKNOWLEDGE A P P L I C A T I O N A B D C AcquisitionApplication AdaptationAssimilation Rigor/Relevance Framework

A B D C Express probabilities as fractions, percents, or decimals. Classify triangles according to angle size and/or length of sides. Calculate volume of simple three- dimensional shapes. Given the coordinates of a quadrilateral, plot the quadrilateral on a grid. Analyze the graphs of the perimeters and areas of squares having different-length sides. Determine the largest rectangular area for a fixed perimeter. Identify coordinates for ordered pairs that satisfy an algebraic relation or function. Determine and justify the similarity or congruence for two geometric shapes. Obtain historical data about local weather to predict the chance of snow, rain, or sun during year. Test consumer products and illustrate the data graphically. Plan a large school event and calculate resources (food, decorations, etc.) you need to organize and hold this event. Make a scale drawing of the classroom on grid paper, each group using a different scale. Calculate percentages of advertising in a newspaper. Tour the school building and identify examples of parallel and perpendicular lines, planes, and angles. Determine the median and mode of real data displayed in a histogram Organize and display collected data, using appropriate tables, charts, or graphs.

A B D C Rigor/Relevance Framework Analyze the graphs of the perimeters and areas of squares having different-length sides. Determine the largest rectangular area for a fixed perimeter. Identify coordinates for ordered pairs that satisfy an algebraic relation or function. Determine and justify the similarity or congruence for two geometric shapes. Obtain historical data about local weather to predict the chance of snow, rain, or sun during year. Test consumer products and illustrate the data graphically. Plan a large school event and calculate resources (food, decorations, etc.) you need to organize and hold this event. Make a scale drawing of the classroom on grid paper, each group using a different scale. Calculate percentages of advertising in a newspaper. Tour the school building and identify examples of parallel and perpendicular lines, planes, and angles. Determine the median and mode of real data displayed in a histogram Organize and display collected data, using appropriate tables, charts, or graphs. Express probabilities as fractions, percents, or decimals. Classify triangles according to angle size and/or length of sides. Calculate volume of simple three- dimensional shapes. Given the coordinates of a quadrilateral, plot the quadrilateral on a grid.

A B D C Rigor/Relevance Framework Express probabilities as fractions, percents, or decimals. Classify triangles according to angle size and/or length of sides. Calculate volume of simple three- dimensional shapes. Given the coordinates of a quadrilateral, plot the quadrilateral on a grid. Analyze the graphs of the perimeters and areas of squares having different-length sides. Determine the largest rectangular area for a fixed perimeter. Identify coordinates for ordered pairs that satisfy an algebraic relation or function. Determine and justify the similarity or congruence for two geometric shapes. Obtain historical data about local weather to predict the chance of snow, rain, or sun during year. Test consumer products and illustrate the data graphically. Plan a large school event and calculate resources (food, decorations, etc.) you need to organize and hold this event. Make a scale drawing of the classroom on grid paper, each group using a different scale. Calculate percentages of advertising in a newspaper. Tour the school building and identify examples of parallel and perpendicular lines, planes, and angles. Determine the median and mode of real data displayed in a histogram Organize and display collected data, using appropriate tables, charts, or graphs.

A B D C Rigor/Relevance Framework Express probabilities as fractions, percents, or decimals. Classify triangles according to angle size and/or length of sides. Calculate volume of simple three- dimensional shapes. Given the coordinates of a quadrilateral, plot the quadrilateral on a grid. Obtain historical data about local weather to predict the chance of snow, rain, or sun during year. Test consumer products and illustrate the data graphically. Plan a large school event and calculate resources (food, decorations, etc.) you need to organize and hold this event. Make a scale drawing of the classroom on grid paper, each group using a different scale. Calculate percentages of advertising in a newspaper. Tour the school building and identify examples of parallel and perpendicular lines, planes, and angles. Determine the median and mode of real data displayed in a histogram Organize and display collected data, using appropriate tables, charts, or graphs. Analyze the graphs of the perimeters and areas of squares having different-length sides. Determine the largest rectangular area for a fixed perimeter. Identify coordinates for ordered pairs that satisfy an algebraic relation or function. Determine and justify the similarity or congruence for two geometric shapes.

A B D C Rigor/Relevance Framework Express probabilities as fractions, percents, or decimals. Classify triangles according to angle size and/or length of sides. Calculate volume of simple three- dimensional shapes. Given the coordinates of a quadrilateral, plot the quadrilateral on a grid. Analyze the graphs of the perimeters and areas of squares having different-length sides. Determine the largest rectangular area for a fixed perimeter. Identify coordinates for ordered pairs that satisfy an algebraic relation or function. Determine and justify the similarity or congruence for two geometric shapes. Calculate percentages of advertising in a newspaper. Tour the school building and identify examples of parallel and perpendicular lines, planes, and angles. Determine the median and mode of real data displayed in a histogram Organize and display collected data, using appropriate tables, charts, or graphs. Obtain historical data about local weather to predict the chance of snow, rain, or sun during year. Test consumer products and illustrate the data graphically. Plan a large school event and calculate resources (food, decorations, etc.) you need to organize and hold this event. Make a scale drawing of the classroom on grid paper, each group using a different scale.

Reflection on Your Teaching

Rigor/Relevance Challenge

R/R Challenge StandardQuadrant A Performance Understand rules of grammar, usage, punctuation, and spelling Memorize spelling Words Perform operations with numbers Solve word problems Demonstrate U S geography Label States on a map Understand systems of human body Write description of human system

Rigorous and Relevant Assessment

NYS Math Question A

NYS Math A Question June 2002 C

NYS Math A Question June 2003 D

Sample Question You're locked out of your house and the only open window is on the second floor, 25 feet above the ground. You need to borrow a ladder from one of your neighbors. There's a bush along the edge of the house, so you'll have to place the ladder 10 feet from the house. What length of ladder do you need to reach the window? B

R/R and Assessment Determine the level of Rigor and Relevance on state tests. Develop your tests to parallel state tests when preparing for them. Use performance assessment when you want Quadrant D achievement Keep level of assessment consistent with expectation for performance.

KNOWLEDGEKNOWLEDGE A P P L I C A T I O N A B D C AcquisitionApplication AdaptationAssimilation Rigor/Relevance Framework

Student Learning Rigorous and Relevant Instruction Instruction Assessment Expected Student Performance Actual Student Performance Rigor/Relevance Feedback Reflection

Benefits of Using Rigor and Relevance? Better prepare students for future work Way to focus student learning on priority standards Ensure student achieve standards Align curriculum, instruction and assessment Prepare for state tests Increase student interest and motivation

Review of Video Lessons

Review of Lessons What does the teacher expect the students to learn? (standards) What is the intended level of Rigor and Relevance? Which Quadrant? What are the instructional strategies used? Does the lesson meet the teacher’s expectation for student learning?

Defining Student Performance and Student Work

INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES RIGOR RELEVANCE

Rigorous and Relevant Instructional Strategies

KNOWLEDGEKNOWLEDGE A P P L I C A T I O N A B D C Rigor/Relevance Framework

Strategies that Result in Reflective Thinking

KNOWLEDGEKNOWLEDGE A P P L I C A T I O N A B D C AcquisitionApplication AdaptationAssimilation Rigor/Relevance Framework

Research When to Use Strategy Based on Rigor/Relevance Framework

What Works

Selecting Strategies on Rigor/Relevance  Brainstorming  Community service  Compare and contrast  Cooperative learning  Creative arts  Demonstration  Games  Group discussion  Guided practice Inquiry Instructional technology Internship Lecture Literature Memorization Note-taking/graphic organizers Presentations/ exhibitions

Selecting Strategies on Rigor/Relevance  Problem-based learning  Project design  Recognition and rewards  Research  Review and re-teaching  Setting objectives and advance organizers Simulation/role playing Socratic seminar Teacher questions Total physical response Video Work-based learning Writing

Selection of Strategies Based on Rigor/ Relevance Framework Page 1

Selection of Strategies Based on Rigor/ Relevance Framework Page 2

KNOWLEDGEKNOWLEDGE A P P L I C A T I O N A B D C AcquisitionApplication AdaptationAssimilation Rigor/Relevance Framework

Selecting Strategies on Rigor/Relevance Guided Practice Guided Practice Lecture Lecture Memorization Memorization Best Strategies for Quadrant A - Acquisition

Selecting Strategies on Rigor/Relevance Cooperative Learning Cooperative Learning Demonstration Demonstration Instructional Technology Instructional Technology Problem-based Learning Problem-based Learning Project Design Project Design Simulation/Role Playing Simulation/Role Playing Work-based Learning Work-based Learning Best Strategies for Quadrant B - Application

Selecting Strategies on Rigor/Relevance Brainstorming Brainstorming Inquiry Inquiry Instructional Technology Instructional Technology Research Research Socratic Seminar Socratic Seminar Teacher Questions Teacher Questions Best Strategies for Quadrant C - Assimilation

Selecting Strategies on Rigor/Relevance Brainstorming Brainstorming Cooperative Learning Cooperative Learning Inquiry Inquiry Instructional Technology Instructional Technology Presentations/ Exhibitions Presentations/ Exhibitions Problem-based Learning Problem-based Learning Best Strategies for Quadrant D - Adaptation Project Design Project Design Research Research Simulation/Role- playing Simulation/Role- playing Socratic Seminar Socratic Seminar Teacher Questions Teacher Questions Work-based Learning Work-based Learning

Which do you prefer? Activity Using Outlines Observing Others in role playing Picture/Graphics Working w/ Hands Discussion Using Narratives Participating in role playing Description/Word s Working w/ Head CA OR

Which do you prefer? Following Directions Following Others Precision Logical Lists Working Independently Creating your own path Approximation Creative Graphic Organizers SR OR

Learning Styles CS Concrete Sequential AS Abstract Sequential CR Concrete Random AR Abstract Random

Matching Strategies to Learning Style

Strategies that Work Identifying Similarities and Differences Summarizing and Note Taking Reinforcing Effort and Providing Recognition Homework and Practice Nonlinguistic Representations Robert Marzano, 2001

Strategies that Work Cooperative Learning Setting Objectives and Providing Feedback Generating and Testing Hypotheses Cues, Questions, and Advance Organizers Robert Marzano, 2001

Instructional Strategies: How to Teach for Rigor and Relevance

International Center for Leadership in Education Determining Root Causes

Fishbone Diagram

Student Absenteeism

Fishbone Diagram Student Absenteeism

Fishbone Diagram Student Absenteeism People ProceduresPublicPhysical Plant Policies

Fishbone Diagram Student Absenteeism People ProceduresPublicPhysical Plant Policies

Fishbone Diagram Student Absenteeism People ProceduresPublicPhysical Plant Policies No teacher follow-up Increase in illness Parents don’t support No rewards Policy unclear Lack of business support Uninteresting teaching No health services Open campus Lack of security Limited facilities

Further Information