International trends in codes and standards Affecting high speed lifts China Elevator Association Seminar 2015-07-08_09 CEN/TC 10 (Esfandiar Gharibaan)

International standardization trends Background Every lift must comply with the relevant National codes and standards before putting into service to remain in operation during its life time National standards developed by the National standards body, or adoption of the International standards International standards reflect the currently available state of the art harmonize safety and technical requirements

International standardization trends Background Developed by CEN, CENELEC, ISO, IEC participation and approval of the National standards bodies, e.g. SAC, ASME, BSI, DIN 16,000 CEN and 15,000 ISO standards in use 76 specific standards for lifts and escalators > 500 International standards may be applicable for lifts and escalators, covering electrical and mechanical design material selection reliability and quality testing methods and verification

Specific needs of high speed lifts (and tall buildings)

International standardization trends High speed lifts/tall buildings High speed lifts present specific challenges need for detailed traffic planning possible use of lifts for evacuation of the building higher specification for noise and ride comfort building design issues building sway piston effect in the lift well (lift car pushing the air) stack effect (difference in air density in the height of the building)

International standardization trends High speed lifts/tall buildings Current International safety standards for lifts impose no limitation of speed or travel height Several standards address the challenges for high speed lifts (tall buildings) However, current standardization trends may have an impact on the high speed lifts

Standardisation trends Safety

Standardization trends: Safety Continuous update Continuous update of safety requirements, from experience shared from around the world safety of passengers and workers life cycle of the lift, including maintenance change in safety concepts and lower tolerance for risks systematic evaluation of the potential risks, for example using ISO 14798 standard

Standardization trends: Safety Recent changes Examples of safety related changes EN 81-20/-50 higher strength of the landing and car doors preventing car door striking the passengers preventing fall into the lift well due to self-rescue preventing fall into the lift well when unlocking the landing door easier access to the car components from the pit improved access to pit and other working areas

Standardisation trends Harmonisation of safety requirements

Standardization trends: Harmonization of safety Cooperation of standardization organizations Cooperation CEN, SAC, ISO, ASME and JISC collect experience and needs around the world achieve common understanding of the safety risks agree on common solutions to remove the risks agree on common safety requirements achieve higher level of harmonization of the safety requirements around the world improving safety for all

Standardization trends: Harmonization of safety Close cooperation SAC/TC 196 and CE/TC 10 Close cooperation SAC/TC 196 and CEN/TC 10 Technical exchange since early 2000s Cooperation agreement signed in 2005 Regular technical exchange meetings Partnership in developing EN 81-20/-50 Close cooperation in developing other standards

Standardization trends: Harmonization of safety Cooperation agreement SAC/TC 196 and CEN/TC 10

Standardization trends: Harmonization of safety Use of EN 81-1 (EN 81-20/-50) around the world EN 81-20/-50: example of safety harmonization EN 81-20: result of revision of EN 81-1 Use of EN 81-1 in countries around the world adopted as identical national standards, or used as the basis for national standards but with some national differences, or the “basic” requirements for the national standards, or accepted beside other international standards Result of effort from experts all around the world

Standardization trends: Harmonization of safety Use of EN 81-1 (EN 81-20/-50) around the world

Standardization trends: Harmonization of safety Next step EN 81-20/-50 to become EN ISO standards ISO is in process adopting EN 81-20/-50 ISO standards will be identical to EN 81-20/-50 Expected publication: December 2017 Adoption by ISO as identical standards A giant step in harmonization of safety requirements around the world

Standardisation trends Evacuation using lifts

Standardization trends: Evacuation using lifts Growing need Since year 2000 3-4 time more buildings with 200m height nearly 100 buildings are added every year Lifts made easy access for all including persons with disability In emergency, 80% of a tall building occupants prefer using lifts to exit the building Evacuation of a building with 10000 occupants may take > 2 hours using stairs, or ~30 minutes with properly planned lifts

Standardization trends: Evacuation using lifts Standards for lifts ISO TS 18870:2014 lifts used to assist in building evacuation for all occupants with automatic control CEN/TS 81-76:2011 evacuation of disabled persons using lifts for disabled persons assisted evacuation ASME A17.1:2013 Occupant Evacuation Operation (OEO)

Standardization trends: Other fire related issues Standards for lifts fire resistance test of the landing doors based on tracer gas principles being revised and updated ISO 3008-2:2014 same principles as EN 81-80 fire rating classification to be added in the near future EN 81-72:2015 firefighters lift updated and published in 2015

Standardisation trends Energy efficiency

Standardization trends: Energy efficiency Energy efficiency for buildings Buildings consume 40% of total energy in the world Introduction of national energy efficiency regulations for buildings and products Introduction of initiatives for energy performance of buildings such as: LEED, BREEAM, ENERGY STAR Lifts consume 5-8% of the energy in a building Energy performance of systems in buildings is improving rapidly

Standardization trends: Energy efficiency New standards for lifts ISO 25745-1:2012 Energy measurement and verification for lifts and escalators ISO 25745-2:2015 Energy calculation and classification for lifts ISO 25745-3:2015 Energy calculation and classification for escalators ISO 25745 series of standards are being adopted by countries around the world are being referenced in several national regulations may be referenced in energy efficiency schemes

Standardisation trends Planning and selection

Standardization trends: Planning and selection Traffic handling for lifts Proper planning and selection of type, speed, size and number of lifts is crucial for providing adequate transport capacity optimizing waiting time for users avoiding over-use and premature failure of lifts optimizing emergency efficiency if lifts are used for evacuation of the building providing availability and capacity

Standardization trends: Planning and selection New (extensively revised) standard ISO 4190-6:1984 Standard for planning and selection of passenger lifts The standard is being updated to the current state of the art Easy to use tables and charts Includes parameters and guidance for traffic simulation Expected publication: end of 2016

Standardization trends: Planning and selection Ride comfort ISO 18738-1:2012 measurement and reporting of lift ride quality provides uniformity in terms of definition measurement processing expression addressing vibration and noise signals that comprise lift ride quality

Standardization trends Summary High speed lifts present specific challenges International standards address some of those challenges Trends and current development of International standards will have an impact on high speed lifts