The Cold War Origins and Early Years. What was the Cold War? The Cold War was a period of intense hostility between the US and the USSR that stopped just.

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Presentation transcript:

The Cold War Origins and Early Years

What was the Cold War? The Cold War was a period of intense hostility between the US and the USSR that stopped just short of actual war It lasted from

Origins of the Cold War The US and the USSR had a history of mistrust –They had very different economic and political ideas They had cooperated during the war when they had a common enemy However, disputes arose once the war was ending at two conferences: Yalta and Potsdam –They disagreed about many things, like who should have control over Eastern Europe –This early rivalry grew into a larger conflict: the Cold War

The Origins of the Cold War: Yalta and Potsdam PotsdamAgreement? Results YaltaAgreementChanges

How did both sides try to become more powerful during the Cold War? Build Alliances Spread their ideas Acquire the most weapons Win non-war competitions –Space, Sports Win proxy wars –Korea, Afghanistan

The Iron Curtain In 1946, Winston Churchill gave a famous speech about the start of the Cold War He said that an “iron curtain” had fallen across Europe –What do you think he meant by this?

Truman Doctrine (1947) The US must take responsibility for defending “free peoples who are resisting subjugation” throughout the world Often in the form of economic and military aid Why so significant?

Marshall Plan (1948) Named after George Marshall, the US Secretary of State Gave billions to help Europe recover from the war Enacted to prevent any legal Communist takeovers in Europe

Containment The general policy of the US towards the USSR during the Cold War –The US wanted to prevent the spread of Communism by firm resistance How do you think the Soviets viewed Truman and his policies?

The First Problem of the Cold War: The Division of Germany Occupied Germany Berlin, though in the Soviet section, had been divided too. In 1948, Stalin begins a blockade of West Berlin What should be done?

The Solution: The Berlin Airlift (united streaming video)

1949: A Busy Year Deterrence: Using the threat of a massive counter-strike to prevent an attack from an enemy; requires both sides to stockpile huge amounts of weapons

Results in a Climate of Fear…

Korean War ( ) North Korea invades South Korea to establish a Communist regime US sends troops to help the South The fighting results in a stalemate What is the significance? (united streaming video)

Stalin is replaced by Nikita Khrushchev The Warsaw Pact is created Most Eastern European states join a military pact with the USSR

SputnikSpace Race

Berlin Wall Ordered by Nikita Khrushchev Built to stop flow of refugees to West Berlin Symbol of the Cold War gcurve.gov.uk/col dwar/G4/cs4/s3.ht mhttp:// gcurve.gov.uk/col dwar/G4/cs4/s3.ht m

You are the President of the United States, and a spy plane has just brought back this photo from a run over Cuba—what do you do?

Cuban Missile Crisis The Soviets supplied Cuba (a recent convert to Communism) with missiles that could hit the US Kennedy and Khrushchev succeed in defusing the situation through letters and a naval blockade VERY tense moment in the Cold War

By the 1980s, this is how the world was divided:

If we finish… Interactive Quizzes: ar/truman_matchup.html