Motivation and Emotion

How Are They Similar? Different? MOTIVATION EMOTION  A process that arouses, maintains, and guides behavior towards a goal  A need or desire that directs behavior  Accompanied by distinct emotional states (I.E. Thirst is unpleasant and having a drink of water can produce positive emotions)  All motives are triggered by some kind of stimulus (something in your body, environment, etc.)  Allow an organism to be aroused only when necessary and then reduce arousal following the solution to a problem  A combination of physical sensations and subjective feelings  Spontaneous, automatic responses Both activate and affect behavior; Push us towards action

Biological v. Social Motives

Theories of Motivation  Instincts  Drive-Reduction  Arousal  Incentives (Intrinsic or Extrinsic Rewards)  A reward that “pulls” an organism’s behavior in a particular direction  Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Arousal  Being reactive to stimuli

Evaluating Theories of Emotion  Under Key Concepts: List key words/phrases/names and related concepts  Drawbacks: Criticisms