THE EISENHOWER PRESIDENCY CHAPTER 27: THE ENDURING VISION

GUIDING QUESTIONS 1.)In what ways did Eisenhower continue Truman’s foreign policy, and in what ways did he change it? 2.) How successfully did Eisenhower accomplish his foreign policy goals? 3.)What were the main sources, and consequences, of economic prosperity in the 1950s? 4.)How accurate is the image of the 1950s as a period of conservatism and conformity? 5.)What strategies did minorities adopt in order to gain greater equality in the 1950s, and how successful were they?

DYNAMIC CONSERVATISM Eisenhower’s Approach The “Big Picture” Government Reduction Federal Budget Cuts “Modern Republicanism”

MODERN REPUBLICANISM Minimum Wage Public Housing Projects The Department of Health, Education, and Welfare The Federal Highway Act

CIVIL RIGHTS Brown V Board of Education of Topeka (1954) Thurgood Marshall Linda Brown Chief Justice Earl Warren Results of the trial Thurgood Marshall with James Nabrit Jr. and George E.C. Hayes after their victory in the Brown v. Board of Education case before the Supreme Court, May 17, 1954.

CIVIL RIGHTS The reaction of the “border states” The reaction of the Deep South Public Opinion on the Brown ruling Integration Efforts

CIVIL RIGHTS Central High School (Little Rock, Arkansas) Governor Orval Faubus The Little Rock Nine Eisenhower’s Reaction The Role of Television

EISENHOWER AND THE COLD WAR The Death of Stalin (1953) The Arms Race (H-Bomb 1953) Foster Dulles Massive Retaliation Brinkmanship

THE COLD WAR Eisenhower’s “Atoms of Peace” plan The Distant Early Warning Line “over the pole” route Cheyenne Mountain Operations Center

THE GENEVA SUMMIT Geneva (1955) “peaceful coexistence” The “spirit of Geneva” Eisenhower’s “New Look”

EISENHOWER’S USE OF THE CIA The role of the CIA “covert action” “Operation Ajax” Shah Reza Pahlavi

THE MIDDLE EAST Gamal Nasser US Financial Assistance to Egypt Czechoslovakia The Suez Canal

THE SUEZ CRISIS The British Response The Response of the United Nations The Eisenhower Doctrine

PROBLEMS IN THE THIRD WORLD Cuba Fidel Castro Nikita Khrushchev The U-2 Spy Plane Incident

THE AFFLUENT SOCIETY John Kenneth Galbraith The Affluent Society America’s Standard of Living A “people of plenty” Average Incomes

THE NEW INDUSTRIAL SOCIETY Federal spending Defense Industries Research and Development The Electronics Industry Petroleum Prices Aerospace Programs

COMPUTERS IN AMERICAN SOCIETY Computer Technology Computer Use War Games

AMERICA’S CHANGING LABOR FORCE Blue Collar Jobs White Collar Jobs A “postindustrial” society “organization man”

PROSPERITY Credit Cards Advertising Companies Car Sales Home sales “Suburbia”

THE BABY BOOM Economic Prosperity New Medicines Dr. Benjamin Spock Baby and Child Care

WOMEN OF THE 1950S Domesticity The “natural” role of women Television, newspapers, and magazines

RELIGION IN AMERICA Billy Graham Movies and Music “Dial a Prayer” Eisenhower’s Reflection on Religion in America “The American Way of Life”

THE CULTURE OF THE FIFTIES Movie Attendance Television sales ABC, CBS, and NBC Advertisements TV Dinners TV and Politics

POVERTY IN AMERICA The Poverty Line Children of poverty The shrinking tax base

A STRUGGLE FOR JUSTICE Rosa Parks Martin Luther King JR The Montgomery Bus Boycott King’s nonviolent approach The Southern Christian Leadership Conference

THE SPACE RACE Sputnik I and II The Missile Gap The Vanguard “Flopnik” NASA New Education Policies The Military Industrial Complex