Southeast Asia’s Emergence as a Top U.S. Market USDA Agricultural Outlook Forum 2011 February 24, 2011 John C. Baize President John C. Baize and Associates
Southeast Asia
Population of Southeast Asian Nations Estimate for 2010 and Projection for 2020 CountryPopulation 2010Population 2020 Indonesia Malaysia Philippines Singapore Thailand Vietnam Cambodia Laos Myanmar (Burma) Total Source: U.S. Census Bureau
Per Capita GDP (Purchasing Power Parity) of Southeast Asian Nations in 2010 CountryPer Capita GDP Indonesia$4,380 Malaysia$14,603 Philippines$3,725 Singapore$57,238 Thailand$8,643 Vietnam$3,123 Cambodia$2,086 Laos$2,435 Myanmar (Burma)$1,246 Source: International Monetary Fund
Southeast Asia Had Solid Economic Growth in 2010 After Slower or Negative Growth in 2009 Country Indonesia Malaysia Philippines Singapore Thailand Vietnam Sources: International Monetary Fund and Central Intelligence Agency
U.S. Has Ocean Shipping Advantage From PNW, But Not from Gulf (Nautical Miles) PortNew OrleansPortlandSantos, BrazilBuenos Aires Jakarta, Indonesia11,7827,4148,5908,856 Bangkok, Thailand12,1567,8229,80510,071 Port Klang, Malaysia11,2997,3578,7679,073 Manila, Philippines10,7816,02210,09110,357 Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam11,4526,8889,5939,859
Overview of Southeast Asian Nations Economies vary from highly capitalistic (Singapore) to communist (Vietnam). Infrastructure varies from very developed (Singapore and Malaysia) to very poor (Vietnam, Indonesia, and Philippines). Corruption remains a problem except in Singapore. Large share of the population in all countries except Singapore and Malaysia live mainly in rural areas and heavily tied to agriculture. Demand for pork is limited by Muslim populations in Indonesia (86%), (Malaysia (60%), Singapore (15%), Thailand (5%) and Philippines (5 %). Religious/ethnic violence not a significant problem except in parts of Indonesia and Thailand and on the Philippine island of Mindanao. All nations in the region have good relations with the U.S. Biotechnology is not a sensitive issue in the region.
Overview of Southeast Asian Nations Agricultural trading and processing companies largely family controlled with most by families of Chinese descent. Large agricultural firms located in the region include Charoen Pokphand (CP), Wilmar, Gold Coin, KFC and San Miguel. Senior management of most larger agricultural companies are fluent in English with many being educated in the U.S., Australia, or Britain. Companies are extremely open to new ideas and quick adopters of new technology and management systems. There is a strong affinity for trading with the U.S. Financial and trading center is Singapore where all major multinational firms have trading offices. U.S. agricultural cooperators with offices in the region include U.S. Soybean Export Council, U.S. Grains Council, U.S. Wheat Associates, U.S. Meat Export Federation and USA Poultry & Egg Export Council
Southeast Asian Agricultural Sector Both a Large Exporter and Importer Southeast Asia has a large agricultural sector. It is a very large exporter of palm oil, rubber coconut oil, tropical fruits, coffee, shrimp and rice. The region exports about 92% of the world’s palm oil and 95% of the world’s coconut oil. Thailand is a large net exporter of poultry meat. Southeast Asia is a large net importer of soybeans, soymeal, corn, wheat, DDG and cotton. Southeast Asia also is a growing importer of beef, pork, broiler meat, wine, and processed food.
Value of U.S. Agricultural Exports to Southeast Asia CYs Source: Department of Commerce, U.S. Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Statistics
Value of U.S. Agricultural Exports to Southeast Asian Nations CYs 2007 – 2010 $ Billion Indonesia$1.542$2.195$1.796$2.246 Malaysia$0.563$0.595$0.695$0.713 Philippines$1.112$1.734$1.294$1.634 Singapore$0.374$0.485$0.445$0.498 Thailand$0.885$1.063$1.046$1.152 Vietnam$0.494$0.906$0.922$1.317
U.S. Exports to Vietnam Have Grown Faster Than Any Other Market With Imports in Excess of $400 Million
Southeast Asian Imports of Selected Commodities 2006/07 – 2009/10 and USDA Forecast for 2010/11 MMT Commodity2006/072007/082008/092009/102010/11 Corn Soybeans Soymeal Soyoil Wheat Cotton (Mil. Bales)
Sotheast Asia’s Imports of Soybeans and Soymeal 2000/01 – 2009/10 and USDA Forecast fro 2010/11
Soybean Imports by Southeast Asian Nations 2006/07 – 2009/10 and USDA Forecast for 2010/11 MT 000 Country2006/072007/082008/092009/102010/11 Indonesia1,3091,1471,3931,6201,635 Malaysia Philippines Singapore Thailand1,5321,7531,5101,6601,830 Vietnam Total3,5453,5983,6714,2054,565
U.S. Soybean Exports to Southeast Asia 2003/04 – 2009/10 MT Soybeans2003/042004/052005/062006/072007/082008/092009/10 Indonesia1,004,090993,7071,214,7811,372,9821,149,3291,473,7841,673,220 Malaysia224,286172,964206,417366,831199,090236,451364,821 Philippines179,276196,301110,88797,66952,65549,65180,171 Singapore ,8065,0021,0307,968 Thailand379,015551,222295,796547,841163,266209,528475,934 Vietnam1181,4932,38816,16472,475156,437136,474 Total1,787,2761,915,8331,830,7672,422,2931,641,8172,126,8812,738,588
Soymeal Imports by Southeast Asian Nations 2006/07 – 2009/10 and USDA Forecast for 2010/11 MT 000 Country2006/072007/082008/092009/102010/11 Indonesia2,2372,4292,3392,3302,600 Malaysia ,1001,120 Philippines1,3571,2131,2951,1001,225 Singapore Thailand2,2751,9352,1602,5132,550 Vietnam2,2912,2962,5212,7682,800 Total9,0788,8179,2709,83310,317
U.S. Soymeal Exports to Southeast Asia 2003/04 – 2009/10 MT Soybeans2003/042004/052005/062006/072007/082008/092009/10 Indonesia 105,904175,70444,71689,104147,875141,820528,992 Malaysia 33610,0065,86019,78175,56922,002123,786 Philippines 254,129446,293405,469273,908559,857493,350957,488 Singapore ,3573, Thailand 2,35087,2851,86714,07224,408116,613204,067 Vietnam 29,96723,02423,19537,210144,906126,004474,474 Total 392,753742,678482,465437,695952,623899,8132,289,375
Soyoil Imports by Southeast Asian Nations 2006/07 – 2009/10 and USDA Forecast for 2010/11 MT 000 Country2006/072007/082008/092009/102010/11 Indonesia Malaysia Philippines Singapore Thailand11000 Vietnam Total
Corn Imports by Southeast Asian Nations 2006/07 – 2009/10 and USDA Forecast for 2010/11 MT 000 Country2006/072007/082008/092009/102010/11 Indonesia1, ,3001,100 Malaysia2,3633,1812,4472,800 Philippines Singapore Thailand Vietnam ,1001,5001,300 Total4,3674,3575,2396,2436,025
U.S. DDG Exports to Southeast Asia 2003/04 – 2009/10 MT Soybeans2004/052005/062006/072007/082008/092009/10 Indonesia36,32346,45864,560104,039184,008247,837 Malaysia30,78227,65736,98558,04940,80932,171 Philippines6,41953,50168,233103,788120,39089,437 Singapore Thailand7,43827,95454,316151,797274,884274,925 Vietnam15,12614,48849,241111,492206,171392,073 Total96,088170,259273,585529,165826,3631,036,982
Wheat Imports by Southeast Asian Nations 2006/07 – 2009/10 and USDA Forecast for 2010/11 MT 000 Country2006/072007/082008/092009/102010/11 Indonesia5,6015,2275,4195,3645,300 Malaysia1,1941,3311,1871,3031,300 Philippines2,7542,2663,2013,1852,800 Singapore Thailand1,1891,0721,1281,6001,300 Vietnam1,2281, ,9251,700 Total12,28411,39912,14013,71112,750
Southeast Asian Production of Broiler Meat and Pork USDA Estimates for CYs
Containerized Shipments to Southeast Asia Are Increasingly Important Containerized shipments of agricultural commodities to Southeast Asia has greatly increased opportunities for the U.S. Containerized shipments have expanded the number of exporters to the region and greatly increased the number of buyers who can now directly access U.S. commodities. With containers smaller users in the region can now buy higher quality products in smaller quantities from smaller U.S. suppliers. Containerized shipments have greatly lengthened the period when U.S. commodities are competitive in the region. The U.S. has advantage over other suppliers because of large surplus of empty containers in the U.S. Containerized shipments mostly have added to total sales rather than reducing bulk shipments by expanding number of buyers. CountrySoybeansSoymeal Other Soy ProductsTotal Indonesia434,182101,7191,344537,245 Malaysia140,44625,4321,112166,990 Philippines23,180146,7171,596171,493 Singapore19,0014, ,222 Thailand99,97725,4713,839129,287 Vietnam71,11898, ,122 Total787,904402,7978,6581,199,359 Soy Shipments to Southeast Asia in Containers 2009/10 Marketing Year (MT)
Keys to Exporting to Southeast Asia Recognize each country is distinctly different. Personal relationships are essential. Buyers want to get to know their suppliers personally and develop trust in them. Exporter need to travel to the region. Supplying quality products on a consistent basis is essential. Do not underestimate the sophistication of the buyers and their companies. Most companies are very sophisticated. Exporters should retain knowledgeable and respected representatives in the region. Exporters should work closely with cooperator organizations which have staff who understand the markets and know the importers and users.
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