Look at the map on page 283. Write 3 things you can tell about the Islamic World Looking at the map below, make 3 inferences about the geography of the Arabian Peninsula

caliph nomads caravans Mecca Muslim mosque Vocabulary Write each of these words on your paper skipping 1 line between each word. ** As we go through the PowerPoint find the definition and write it beside the word

GEOGRAPHY A peninsula in southwestern Asia Surrounded by what bodies of water? Persian Gulf, Arabian Sea, & Red Sea 3 environmental areas mountains (west) fertile land (east) desert (inner) See for yourself!! CLICK HERE

Empty Quarter– World’s largest continuous body of sand Uninhabitable No rain for 10 years or more Some have huge hills of sand Some have stone cliffs

OASIS: Watered by underground springs Can support plants and animal life

name for people from Arabian Peninsula Sabaean Nabataea Bedouins

BEDOUINS (8) Lived and traveled in family groups WEAVING WOVEN RUG

Bedouins Name means people of the desert (7) Traveled in caravans through desert SEE CARAVANS

Caravans

Sabaean People (1) Lived in mountains (Yemen) Agriculture: Herded sheep & goats Grew grapes & wheat Built irrigation canals Developed coastal towns- Traded with Egypt- across Red Sea

Nabataea: (3) From the North Water from aqueducts Only place with water for hundreds of miles Flourished for 400 years (6) Capital– Click here to enter Petra

Petra disappeared from most maps and was known only through ancient lore. In 1812 Swiss traveler Johann Burckhardt stole into the mythic city disguised as a Muslim trader and told the world about what he found

Click any picture to see more!

Reliefs carved on walls Click any picture to enter museum

Marble basin from Temple Maintaining a continuous source of water in a land that receives only six inches of rain a year was necessary to Petra’s existence. Petra’s inhabitants, the Nabataeans, were masters of hydrology. Pipes like these carried water to the city. Photograph by Peter Winkler © 1998 National Geographic Society. All rights reserved. Terra-cotta bowl

5 PILLARS QURAN ISLAM Muhammad - “submit to the will of Allah” Prophet of Allah Holy Book 1. Belief in 1 God/Muhammad is prophet of God 2. Prayers 5 times per day 3. Give to those in need 4. Ramadan- month- fasting 5. Pilgrimage to Mecca

KAABA Material to cover Kaaba Mecca’s temple Thousands of Muslims come each year Must walk around Kaaba 7 times and pray

MUSLIM CALIPHATE Caliphs religion Chosen to govern land and religion of Islam Capital of Caliphate from

Architecture Medicine Astronomy Art LanguageKnowledge Music Literature

ARCHITECTURE

Avicenna A famous Muslim doctor lived in Persia in the early 1,000s Diseases spread through the air Stress causes stomach problems Cancer could be fought with surgery Avicenna wrote that: Had mobile (moving) hospitals

Arabic Numbers We still use a form of these numbers today Much easier to use than Roman Numerals

Astronomy Islamic calendar based on moon’s movement Stars used to determine direction Astrolabe- used to figure out positions from the stars Zodiac

LANGUAGE Click here to see some Arabic letters

Guitar Oud- became known as a lute

The House of Wisdom Works of knowledge from all over the world were translated and preserved One of the world’s first and largest libraries Math & Science Math & Science

Architecture Medicine Astronomy Art LanguageKnowledge Music Literature

Math & Science Muslim doctors invented Arabic numbers to make it easier to calculate doses of medicine Made great strides in the calculations of “Algebra”

Poetry Literature Folk Tales Well loved among the people of ancient Baghdad Click here

Ali Baba and the 40 Thieves Scheherazade told tales to save her life Aladdin Stories from Persia India Arabia